MAHARASHTRA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

- Contents -

	i) Notification
	ii) Subject Scheme

iii) Syllabi: -

a) Compulsory Subjects:
1. Marathi	3. General Studies I
2. English	4. General Studies - II

b) Optional Subjects:
1. Agriculture	18. Management
2. Agricultural Engineering	19. Mathematics
3. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science	20. Mechanical Engineering
4. Botany	21. Medical Sciences
5. Chemistry	22 Philosophy
6. Civil Engineering	23. Physics
7. Commerce & Accountancy	24. Political Science and International Relations
8. Computer Science	25. Psychology
9. Economics	26. Public Administration
10. Electrical Engineering	27. Sociology
11. Electronics Engineering	28. Statistics
12. Geography	29. Zoology
13. Geology	30. Marathi (Literature)
14. History	31. Hindi (Literature)
15. Home Science	32. English (Literature )
16. Horticulture	33. Sanskrit (Literature )
17. Law	34. Urdu (Literature)

×¾ÖÂÖµÖ : ¸üÖ•µÖ ÃÖê¾ÖÖ (´ÖãÜµÖ) ¯Ö¸üßõÖê“Öß ÃÖã¬ÖÖ×¸üŸÖ µÖÖêê•Ö®ÖÖ ¾Ö †³µÖÖÃÖÛÎú´Ö »ÖÖÝÖæ Ûú¸üÞµÖÖ²ÖÖ²ÖŸÖ.

महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोग

बँक ऑफ इंडिया इमारत,

महात्मा गांधी मार्ग,

मुंबई – ४०० ००१.

अधिसूचना क्रमांक - २२५१/१४७७/२००६/अठरा/१/२००४-०६, दिनांक १६ मे, २००६.

पहा:	1) महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोग, फाईल क्रमांक : २२५२/१४७७/१८/१९८०-८२, पृ. ५८५
	2) महाराष्ट्र शासन,सामान्य प्रशासन विभाग,परिपत्रक क्र.SRV-१०९३/२४०५/प्र.क्र.१३/बारा,दि.१६नोव्हेंबर, १९९३
	3) महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोग, स्थायी आदेश क्र. १९/२००४, दि. २७ डिसेंबर,२००४
	4) महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोग,अधिसूचना क्र-१/२००५,दि.२६सप्टेंबर,२००५(फाईल क्र.२२५१/१४७७/२००४-०६/अठरा)
	5) महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोगाची दि. ४ जानेवारी, २००६ रोजीची बैठक आणि फाईल क्र.२२५१/१४७७/२००४-०६/अठरा, मधील पृष्ठ एन-३०६ वरील आदेश

महाराष्ट्र शासनाच्या विविध विभागांमधील गट-अ तसेच गट-ब मधील अतांत्रिक राजपत्रित पदांवर म्हणजेच उपजिल्हाधिकारी, तहसिलदार, नायब तहसिलदार, पोलीस उपअधीक्षक/सहायक पोलिस आयुक्त, विक्रीकर अधिकारी, मुख्याधिकारी नगरपालिका/नगरपरिषदा, उपमुख्य कार्यकारी अधिकारी (जिल्हा परिषद), गट विकास अधिकारी, उपनिबंधक/सहायक निबंधक, (सहकारी संस्था), मंत्रालयातील कक्ष अधिकारी आदी उच्च प्रशासकीय पदांवर हुशार व सक्षम तरुणांची भरती करण्यासाठी आयोगाद्वारे राज्य सेवा परीक्षा घेण्यात येते. प्रस्तुत स्पर्धा-परीक्षेसाठी 'मान्यताप्राप्त विद्यापीठाची कोणत्याही विद्याशाखेतील पदवी' अशी किमान शैक्षणिक पात्रता आणि १९-३३ वर्षे (मागासवर्गीयांसाठी १९-३८ वर्षे) अशी वयोमर्यादा विहित करण्यात आलेली आहे. ही स्पर्धा-परीक्षा अ) राज्य सेवा (पूर्व) परीक्षा, ब) राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षा (या मुख्य परीक्षेमध्ये ' मौखिक व व्यक्तिमत्व चाचणी ' चा देखील समावेश असतो), अशा दोन भागात घेण्यात येते. यापैकी राज्य सेवा (पूर्व) परीक्षेची सध्याची योजना आणि अभ्यासक्रम हा १९९४ साली सुधारित करण्यात आला आहे. राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची विद्यमान योजना व अभ्यासक्रम सुधारित करुन सन २००६ मध्ये व त्यानंतर प्रसिध्द होणार्‍या राज्य सेवा (मुख्य)परीक्षेला लागू करण्याचा प्रस्ताव आयोगाच्या विचाराधीन होता.

2.सध्याची राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची योजना व अभ्यासक्रम हा १९८०-८१ दरम्यान तयार करण्यात आला असून त्यानुसार सन १९८२ पासून प्रस्तुत मुख्य परीक्षा आयोगाद्वारे घेण्यात येत आहे. प्रचलित योजना व अभ्यासक्रम याबाबत शासन, माजी-आजी IAS / IPS अधिकारी, विषयतज्ञ, उमेदवार तसेच विविध विद्यापीठे व संस्था यांच्याकडून वेळोवेळी प्राप्त झालेले प्रस्ताव / सूचना / तक्रारी / अभिप्राय, याशिवाय संघ लोकसेवा आयोगाद्वारे IAS / IPS / IFS इत्यादी पदांसाठी घेण्यात येणार्‍या भारतीय नागरी सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची प्रचलित योजना व अभ्यासक्रम, खेरीज विद्यापीठ अनुदान आयोग (UGC), अखिल भारतीय तंत्रशिक्षण परिषद (AICTE), इंडियन कौन्सिल ऑफ ऍग्रीकल्चर रिसर्च, मेडिकल कौन्सिल ऑफ इंडिया, व्हेटर्नरी कौन्सिल ऑफ इंडिया यांनी विहित केलेला त्या त्या विषयाचा आदर्श (model) अभ्यासक्रम तसेच महाराष्ट्रातील विद्यापीठे / परिषदा यांनी त्या त्या विषयासाठी विहित केलेला अभ्यासक्रम इत्यादी समग्र बाबींचा साकल्याने विचार करुन आयोगाने तज्ञ समितीच्या मदतीने राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची सुधारित योजना व अभ्यासक्रम यांचा मसुदा तयार केला होता. प्रस्तुत मसुद्यास अंतिम रुप देऊन लागू करण्याआधी सर्वस्तरीय व्यापक विचार होण्याच्या दृष्टीने प्रस्तुत मसुदा दिनांक २६ सप्टेंबर,२००५ रोजी अधिसूचना जारी करुन संबंधित व्यक्तींच्या, तसेच संस्थांच्या अभिप्रायार्थ इंटरनेटवर प्रसिद्ध करण्यात आला होता. शिवाय याबाबतची अधिसूचना राज्यातील अग्रेसर अशा ३० वर्तमानपत्रांतून प्रसिद्ध करण्यात आली होती.

3.उपरोक्त अधिसूचनेच्या अनुषंगाने विषयतज्ञ, संभाव्य उमेदवार, अन्य संबंधित व्यक्ती; शिवाय शासन, विद्यापीठे, संबंधित परिषदा /संस्था यांच्याकडून काही सूचना/दृष्टिकोन/अभिप्रायवजा प्रतिक्रिया लेखी स्वरुपात प्राप्त झाल्या होत्या. त्या सर्व सूचना / दृष्टिकोन/ अभिप्रायवजा प्रतिक्रिया विचारात घेऊन आयोगाने तज्ञ समितीच्या मदतीने राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची सुधारित योजना व अभ्यासक्रम अनुक्रमे परिशिष्ट -१ व परिशिष्ट -२ मध्ये दर्शविल्याप्रमाणे अंतिम करून विहित करण्याचा तसेच त्यानुसार सन २००६ मध्ये व त्यानंतर प्रसिध्द होणार्‍या राज्य सेवा (मुख्य)परीक्षा घेण्याचा निर्णय घेतला आहे. मात्र दिनांक १८ डिसेंबर, २००५ रोजी झालेल्या राज्य सेवा (पूर्व) परीक्षेच्या अनुषंगाने घेण्यात येणारी राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षा ही असुधारित (प्रचलित) अभ्यासक्रमानुसारच होणार आहे.

ठिकाण : मुंबई १		(स्वाक्षरित)
दिनांक १६ मे, २००६		सचिव,
		महाराष्ट्र लोकसेवा आयोग

Back

परिशिष्ट - १

राज्य सेवा (मुख्य) परीक्षेची सुधारित विषय-योजना

[ २००६ मध्ये आणि त्यानंतर प्रसिध्द होणार्‍या परीक्षेस लागू होणारी ]

राज्य सेवा (पूर्व) परीक्षेत अर्हताप्राप्त होणा-या आणि त्या परीक्षेच्या अधिसूचनेतील शैक्षणिक अर्हता व अन्य अटींची पूर्तता करणा-या उमेदवारांना प्रस्तुत मुख्य परीक्षेस प्रवेश दिला जाईल. प्रस्तुत मुख्य परीक्षा १८०० गुणांची असून ती १) लेखी परीक्षा (१६०० गुण ) आणि २) मौखिक आणि व्यक्तिमत्व चाचणी (२०० गुण ) अशा दोन भागात घेण्यात येईल.

१) लेखी परीक्षा (१६०० गुण )

खाली नमूद केल्याप्रमाणे प्रस्तुत लेखी परीक्षेमध्ये अनिवार्य विषयांच्या ४ आणि वैकल्पिक विषयांच्या ४ अशा एकूण ८ प्रश्नपत्रिका असतील. यापैकी प्रत्येक प्रश्नपत्रिका ही पारंपरिक स्वरुपाची,२०० गुणांची, ३ तासांची असेल. अशाप्रकारे संपूर्ण लेखी परीक्षा ही १६०० गुणांची असेल.

(अ) अनिवार्य विषय (८०० गुण) :- १) मराठी, २) इंग्रजी, ३) सामान्य अध्ययन-१, ४) सामान्य अध्ययन-२ या चार अनिवार्य विषयांची एकेक प्रश्नपत्रिका असेल व प्रत्येक प्रश्नपत्रिका २०० गुणांची असेल.

(ब-१) वैकल्पिक विषय (८००गुण) :- खालील परिच्छेद (ब-२) मध्ये नमूद केलेल्या निर्बंधित गटातील विषयांच्या जोडया वगळता उमेदवारास पुढील यादीतून कोणत्याही दोन वैकल्पिक विषयांची जोडी निवडता येईल. खालील प्रत्येक वैकल्पिक विषयाच्या दोन-दोन प्रश्नपत्रिका असतील व त्यापैकी प्रत्येक प्रश्नपत्रिका ही २०० गुणांची असेल.

१) कृषि	११) इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स अभियांत्रिकी	२१) मेडिकल सायन्स
२) कृषि अभियांत्रिकी	१२) भूगोल	२२) तत्वज्ञान
३) पशुसंवर्धन व पशुवैद्यकशास्त्र	१३) भूशास्त्र	२३) भौतिकशास्त्र
४) वनस्पतीशास्त्र	१४) इतिहास	२४) राज्यशास्त्र व आंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंध
५) रसायनशास्त्र	१५) गृहविज्ञान	२५) मानसशास्त्र
६) स्थापत्य अभियांत्रिकी	१६) उद्यानविद्या	२६) लोकप्रशासन
७) वाणिज्य व लेखाशास्त्र	१७) विधि	२७) समाजशास्त्र
८) संगणकशास्त्र	१८) व्यवस्थापन	२८) सांख्यिकी
९) अर्थशास्त्र	१९) गणित	२९) प्राणिशास्त्र
१०) विद्युत अभियांत्रिकी	२०) यंत्र अभियांत्रिकी	३०)पुढील पाचापैकी कोणताही एक वाड;मय विषय: मराठी/ हिन्दी/ इंग्रजी/ संस्कृत/ उर्दू

(ब-१) वैकल्पिक विषयांचे निर्बंधित गट : उमेदवारांना खालील विषयांची जोडी निवडता येणार नाही.

क) ' राज्यशास्त्र व आंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंध ' आणि ' लोकप्रशासन '

ख) ' वाणिज्य व लेखाशास्त्र ' आणि ' व्यवस्थापन '

ग) ' गणित ' आणि ' सांख्यिकी '

घ) कृषि/ ' पशुसंवर्धन व पशुवैद्यकशास्त्र ' / उद्यानविद्या/कृषि अभियांत्रिकी या चारापैकी दोन विषयांची जोडी.

ड) 'व्यवस्थापन ' आणि ' लोकप्रशासन '

च) 'पशुसंवर्धन व पशुवैद्यकशास्त्र ' आणि ' मेडिकल सायन्स '

छ) स्थापत्य अभियांत्रिकी/ यंत्र अभियांत्रिकी/ विद्युत अभियांत्रिकी/ इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स अभियांत्रिकी/ संगणकशास्त्र या पाच विषयांपैकी दोन विषयांची जोडी.

ज) मराठी/ हिन्दी/ इंग्रजी/ संस्कृत/ उर्दू या पाच वाड;मयीन विषयांपैकी दोन विषयांची जोडी.

(क) प्रस्तुत लेखी परीक्षेचे माध्यम

(१) सामान्य अध्ययन १ व २, ' वाणिज्य व लेखाशास्त्र ', अर्थशास्त्र, भूगोल, इतिहास, गृहविज्ञान, विधि, व्यवस्थापन, तत्वज्ञान, 'राज्यशास्त्र व आंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंध ', मानसशास्त्र, लोकप्रशासन, समाजशास्त्र या विषयांच्या प्रश्नांची उत्तरे उमेदवाराला इंग्रजी किंवा मराठीतून लिहिता येतील. तसेच या विषयांच्या प्रश्नपत्रिका इंग्रजी व मराठी या दोन्ही भाषांमध्ये छापलेल्या असतील.

(२) संस्कृत (वाड;मय) या विषयामधील ज्या प्रश्नांची उत्तरे संस्कृतमध्ये लिहिण्यास सांगितली असतील; ती उत्तरे उमेदवारांनी संस्कृतमध्ये लिहिणे आवश्यक राहील. शिवाय ज्या प्रश्नांची उत्तरे इंग्रजी किंवा मराठीत लिहिण्यास मुभा देण्यात आली असेल त्या प्रश्नांची उत्तरे उमेदवारांनी मराठी अगर इंग्रजीतून लिहावीत. तसेच प्रस्तुत विषयाच्या प्रश्नपत्रिकेमधील काही किंवा सर्व प्रश्नांच्या सूचना ह्या आवश्यकतेनुसार एकतर संस्कृत भाषेमध्ये अथवा मराठी-इंग्रजी या जोडभाषेमध्ये छापलेल्या असतील; शिवाय प्रस्तुत प्रश्नपत्रिकेमधील काही किंवा सर्व प्रश्न आवश्यकतेनुसार एकतर संस्कृत भाषेत अथवा मराठी -इंग्रजी या जोडभाषेत छापलेले असतील.

(३) मराठी, हिंदी, इंग्रजी, उर्दू या वाड;मयीन विषयांच्या, तसेच मराठी (अनिवार्य), इंग्रजी (अनिवार्य) या विषयांमधील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे त्या त्या भाषेत लिहावीत व त्या विषयांमधील एखाद्या प्रश्नाचे उत्तर इंग्रजीतून किंवा मराठीतून लिहिण्यास सांगितले असेल तर त्या प्रश्नांचे उत्तर प्रकरणपरत्वे इंग्रजीमध्येच किंवा मराठीमध्येच लिहिणे आवश्यक राहील. सदरहू चार वाड;मयीन विषयांची तसेच मराठी (अनिवार्य),इंग्रजी (अनिवार्य) या विषयांची प्रश्नपत्रिका संबंधित भाषेत छापलेली असेल.

(४) अनु.(क १०) ते (क ३) मधील विषय वगळता इतर सर्व विषयांच्या प्रश्नपत्रिकांमधील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे उमेदवारांनी इंग्रजीमधून लिहावीत तसेच या सर्व विषयांच्या प्रश्नपत्रिका फक्त इंग्रजीमध्ये छापलेल्या असतील.

(ड) प्रस्तुत लेखी परीक्षेचे मानक (दर्जा)

(१) मराठी (अनिवार्य) तसेच इंग्रजी (अनिवार्य) या विषयांचे मानक (दर्जा) उच्च माध्यमिक शालांत परीक्षेसमान असेल.

(२) सामान्य अध्ययन-१, सामान्य अध्ययन-२ तसेच सर्व वैकल्पिक विषयांचे मानक (दर्जा) पदवी परीक्षेसमान असेल.

२) मौखिक व व्यक्तिमत्व चाचणी (२०० गुण)

जे उमेदवार लेखी परीक्षेत अर्हताप्राप्त होतील अशाच उमेदवारांना प्रस्तुत चाचणी परीक्षेसाठी बोलाविण्यात येईल. प्रस्तुत चाचणी फक्त दोनशे गुणांची असेल.

Back

मराठी – अनिवार्य

(विषय सांकेतांक -००१)

दर्जा : उच्च माध्यमिक शालांत परीक्षा	एकूण गुण : २००
प्रश्नपत्रिकेचे स्वरुप : पारंपारिक	कालावधी : ३ तास

सूचना : प्रस्तुत प्रश्नपत्रिकेचा उद्देश उमेदवाराचे भाषिक ज्ञान, अभिव्यक्ती, आकलनक्षमता, लेखन आणि संवाद कौशल्याच्या जाणिवांचा स्तर पडताळणे हा आहे.

अ.क्र.	घटक	गुण
१)	लेखन ( १२० गुण ) :
	अ) निबंध (सुमारे ५०० शब्दांचा ) वैचारिक / वर्णनात्मक / कल्पनापर / आत्मकथनपर आणि समकालीन ज्वलंत समस्या या प्रकारचे निबंध असतील, त्यापैकी एकच निबंध लिहिणे अपेक्षित आहे.	३०
	ब) १) पत्रव्यवहार / अर्ज (मागणीपत्र / तक्रारपत्र / विनंतीपत्र )	१०
	२) अहवाल लेखन / वृत्तांत लेखन	१०
	३)पत्रकार परिषद (उर्जा, कृषी कर्ज, जलसिंचन इत्यादी समस्यांबाबत) किंवा नोकरीसाठी मुलाखत	१०
	४) निमंत्रण - पत्रिका अथवा कार्यक्रम - पत्रिका तयार करणे	१०
	५) शुभेच्छा / अभिनंदन पत्र	१०
	६) प्रसार माध्यमासाठी आवाहन / निवेदन तयार करणे	१०
	७) औपचारिक भाषणे तयार करणे (स्वागत, निरोप, उद्धाटनपर व इतर )	१०
	८) संवादकौशल्य.
	अ) दोन व्यक्तींमधील संवाद	१०
	ब) गटचर्चा/सभेचे कामकाज (पाणी प्रश्न, कृषी समस्या, कुटुंबकल्याण,ग्राम स्वच्छता इत्यादी )	१०
२)	आकलन (४० गुण )
	अ) इंग्रजी उता-याचे सुबोध मराठीत भाषांतर करणे.	१०
	ब) सारांश लेखन – १ / ३ शब्दात सारांश लेखन करुन शीर्षक देणे.	१०
	क) प्रमाणित भाषेतील उता-यावरील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे लिहिणे.	१०
	ड) दिलेल्या उता-यातील आशय सरळ व सोप्या भाषेत लिहिणे.	१०
३)	व्याकरण ( ४० गुण ) :
	अ) शब्दांच्या जाती ( शब्दांच्या जाती ओळखणे )	१०
	ब) वाक्यप्रकार ( मिश्र, संयुक्त, साधे / केवल )	१०
	क) काळ (वर्तमान, भूत, भविष्य )	१०
	ड) वाक्यप्रचार व म्हणी	०६
	इ) परिभाषिक शब्द ( इंग्रजी परिभाषिक शब्दांना मराठी पर्यायी शब्द देणे )	०४

Back

English (Compulsory)

( Subject Code : 003 )

	Standard : H.S.C.		Total Marks : 200
	Nature of Paper : Conventional Type		Duration : 3 Hours

1)		Essay : The candidates are expected to write a narrative or a descriptive essay on one of the given topics in about 300 words. It is intended to judge the candidate's knowledge of the topic, manner of presentation and also competence in using correct English.		(Marks : 30)
2)		Letter writing : The candidates will be asked to write two types of letters, i.e. an informal letter to parents/ to a friend and a formal letter – an official/ business letter or a letter to the editor of a newspaper on a given topic in about 100 words. The candidate will be judged for content, manner of presentation and observance of the formal requirements of letter writing.		(Marks : 20)
3)		Communication Skills : The candidates are expected to write on each of the following communicative activities (in about 100-150 words). The purpose is to judge the candidate's ability to communicate effectively in different cont1exts: a) A report of an event or a function or official work done. b) A notice or an appeal or a warning or a Press Release for the Media (Radio, T.V., Press). c) (i)Dialogue writing : A dialogue between two persons or an appeal or a discussion on a topical issue. (ii) Speeches : formal speeches–welcome/send-off/inaugural speech etc. (d) An individual conversation with a group of people -- (1) at a Job Interview. (2) at a Press Conference. (3) with a delegation (4) at a project site -- e.g.: (i) camps being constructed for cattle in a drought-affected area, (ii) temporary shelters being constructed for earthquake-affected people. (5) at a place where some problematic situation has occurred -- e.g.: natural calamities like floods, earthquakes etc. (e) A Group Discussion, a Meeting, a Teleconference on a topical issue.		(Marks : 50)
4)		Precis-writing : A passage of about 300 words will be given for precis-writing. The candidates are expected to reduce the passage to one-third of its original length in their own words. The purpose of precis-writing is to judge the candidate’s ability to comprehend, analyse and summarise the main ideas in the passage in their own words to one-third of the given number of words therein.		(Marks : 20)
5)		Comprehension : A passage of about 300 words will be given with a set of questions based thereon. The purpose of the activity is to assess the candidate's competence in understanding and answering questions based on the passage.		(Marks : 20)
6)		Paraphrase of a Prose Passage : A prose passage of about 300 words will be given to be paraphrased in order to judge the candidate’s ability to understand, analyse and express clearly and in simple language the ideas in the passage in his/her own words.		(Marks : 20)
7)		Grammar : i) Transformation of Sentences, ii) Correction of Sentences,iii) Use of Tenses, iv)Punctuation, v) Word-formation, vi) Use of Phrases.		(Marks : 40)

Back

General Studies – I (Compulsory)

( Subject Code : 008 )

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:		1)		Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
		2)		The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well educated person will be able to answer without any specialised study and its intention is to test candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
		3)		This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to criticise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
		4)		It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
Section - A (Marks : 40 )
1)	History:
	.01)		Brief history of Maharashtra:Socio-cultural development during the following regimes-Satvahanas-Vakatakas-Chalukyas-Rashtrakutas-Shilahars-Yadavas–Muslim regimes and Marathas.
	.02)		History of Modern India (1818-1857) particularly Maharashtra: Introduction of modern education - Press, Railway, Post and Telegraph, Industries, Land reforms and Socio-religious reforms – Its impact on society.
	.03)		Social and economic awakening: Indian Nationalism - 1857 revolt and after, Indian National Congress (1885 - 1947), Role of important personalities, Role of Press and Education in social awakening in pre- independent India.
	.04)		The other contemporary movements during pre-independence: Satyashodhak Samaj - Dr. B.R.Ambedkar's Movement - Hindu Mahasabha- Muslim League - National Revolutionary Movement - Leftist Movement – Peseant Movement - Tribal uprising.
	.05)		Post Independence development: Integration of princely states, formation of Linguistic states, Samyukta Maharashtra movement major political parties and personalities involved therein, Major developments and personalities during 1960-1990.
	.06)		Cultural Heritage of Maharashtra (Ancient to Modern) : Performing Arts (Dance, Drama, Films, Music and Folk Arts), Visual Arts (Architecture, Painting and Sculpture) and Festivals.
	.07)		Impact of Literature on socio - psychological development of Maharashtra: Bhakti, Dalit, Urban and Rural Literature.
Section – B ( Marks : 40 )
2)	Geography of India – with special reference to Maharashtra :
	.01)		Location and extent - India's strategic location with reference to her neighbours, Indian Ocean Rim, Asia and the World.
	.02)		Physical Geography: Evolution of the Subcontinent - Major physiographic regions - Problems of floods and river pollution - Physiographic details of Maharashtra. a) Climate: Distribution of Rainfall. Rainfall in Maharashtra - spatial and temporal variability - Agroclimatic zones of Maharashtra - Problem of Drought and scarcity, DPAP (Draught Prone Area Programme) –Water requirement in Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Sectors. Problem of Drinking Water. b) Soils - problems of soil erosion and degradation in Maharashtra. c) Natural Vegetation and wild life - Forest types in India and Indian wild life - National Parks – Sanctuaries in Maharashtra - Tiger Project.
	.03)		Economic Geography: Minerals and Energy Resources : There distribution, importance and development in Maharashtra. Tourism in Maharashtra - Religious, Medicinal, Eco-Tourism and Cultural Heritage.
	.04)		Human and Social Geography: Distribution of population. Migration of population - effects of migration on source and destination areas.Rural settlements in Maharashtra.Problems of Urban and Rural Settlements – Environmental, Housing, Slum, Water Supply and Sanitation, Urban Traffic and Pollution.
Section – C ( Marks : 40)
3)	Indian Polity (With special Reference to Maharashtra) :
	.01)		The Constitution of India: Making of the Constitution - Philosophy of the Preamble - Salient Features of the Constitution (Secular democratic and socialist) - Fundamental Rights and Duties - Directive Principles of State Policy such as Free and Compulsory primary education, Uniform Civil Code - Centre - State relations and Formation of New States - Independent Judiciary - Amendment Procedure : Major Amendments to the Constitution : Landmark Judgments used for interpreting the Constitution. Structure and Functions of major Commissions and Boards: Election Commission, Union and State Public Service Commissions, National Women's Commission, Human Rights Commission, National Minorities S.C./S.T. Commission - River Water Dispute Settlements Board etc.
	.02)		The Political System (Structure, Powers and Functions of Governments) :
			a) The Central Government - The Union Executive: President- Vice-President - Prime Minister and Council of Ministers - Attorney General of India - Comptroller and Auditor General of India b) The Union Legislature - Parliament, Speaker and Dy. Speaker - Parliamentary Committees - Parliament's Control over Executive. c) Judiciary: Organisation of Judiciary - Integrated Judiciary - Functions - Role and Power of the Supreme Court and High Court - Subordinate Courts – Lok Pal, Lok Aayukt and Lok Nyayalaya - Judiciary as a watch-dog protecting the Constitutional Order- Judicial Activism. d) The State Government: The State Executive - Governor - Chief Minister and the Council of Minister - Role, Functions and Powers - The State Legislature - Legislative Assembly - Legislative Council - Compositions - Powers, Functions and Role - Legislative Committees. e) The Local Governments : (1) Urban - Municipal Corporations, Municipal councils, Municipalities, Nagarpanchayat and Cantonment Boards. Structure, Officials, Resources, Powers- Functions and Controls. (2) Rural - Panchayat Raj System - Zilla Parishad, Taluka Panchayat and Village Panchayat - Structure - Officials - Resources - Powers- Functions and Controls (3) Significance of 73^rd and 74^th Amendment to the Constitution. (4) Empowerment of local government and their role in development.
	.03)		Parties and Pressure Groups: Nature of Party system - Role of National Parties - Ideology, organisation and electoral performance - Regional Parties - Ideology, Organisation and electoral performance - Major Pressure Groups and Interest Groups in Maharashtra - their Role and impact on Policy making.
	.04)		The Media: Print and Electronic Media - its impact on policy making, shaping of the public opinion and educating the people.
	.05)		The Electoral Process: Main features of Electoral process - single member territorial Constituencies. Reserved constituencies for weaker sections - Adult Franchise - Role of Election Commission - General Elections - Major trends – Patterns of Voting behaviour - and Factors influencing the voting behaviour - Problems and difficulties in conducting Free and Fair Elections - Electoral Reforms.
	.06)		Challenges and Responses to Indian Democracy: Social and Economic inequalities – Regional imbalances - illiteracy and unemployment.
Section - D ( Marks : 40 )
4)	Human Resource Development (HRD) :
	.01)		Human Resource Development in India - Present status of population in India - quantitative aspect (size and growth - Sex, Age, Urban and Rural) and qualitative aspects (Education and Healthcare). Population policy and projection upto 2050. Importance and need of Human Resource planning in modern society. Components and factors involved in planning of Human Resources. Nature, types and problems of unemployment in India, Trends of Employment in India, Demand estimate of skilled manpower in different Sectors and Areas. Governmental and Voluntary Institution engaged in development of manpower e.g. NCERT, NIEPA, UGC, Open Universities, AICTE, ITIs, NCVT, IMC etc. Problems and issues related to HRD. Govt. employment policy, various schemes to reduce unemployment and underemployment.
	.02)		Education: Education as a tool of HR development and social change. Education (Pre-primary to Higher Education) system in India. Problems and issues (Universalisation of education, vocationalisation of education. Quality improvement, Dropout etc.) Education for - Girls, Socially and Economically underprivileged classes, Handicapped, Minorities, Talent Search etc. Govt. policies, Schemes and programms for Education, Govt. and Voluntary Agencies involved in promoting, regulating and monitoring Formal, Non- formal and Adult education. e-Learning. Impact of globalisation and privatisation on Indian education.
	.03)		Vocational Education: As a tool of HR development. Vocational/Technical Education- Present status, systems and training in India particularly in Maharashtra. Govt. policies, schemes and programs – Problems, issues and efforts to overcome them. Institutes involved in promoting, regulating, accrediting vocational and Technical Education.
	.04)		Health: As an essential and major component of HRD, Vital Statistics, World Health Organisation (WHO) - objectives, structure, functions and its programmes. Govt. Health policies, schemes and programmes, Healthcare system in India. Problems and issues related to Healthcare and efforts to overcome them.
	.05)		Rural Development: Empowerment of panchayat Raj system. Village Panchayat and its role in Rural development, Land reforms and development, Role of cooperative institutes in Rural Development, Financial Institutes involved in Rural Development, Rural Employment Schemes, Rural Water Supply and Sanitation programs. Infrastructure development e.g. Energy, Transportation, Housing and communication in rural area.
Section - E ( Marks : 40 )
5)	Human Rights : Concept –Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR 1948)- International human rights standards, Its reflections in Indian constitution, mechanism to enforce and protect Human Rights in India, Human Rights Movement in India, Problems related to human rights deprivations such as poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, social-cultural-religious practices, violence, corruption, terrorism, exploitation of labour, custodial crimes etc.). Need, for training and practising of human rights and human dignity in a democratic set up.
6)	Socio-Economic development of following segments of the society :
	.01)		Child Development: problems and issues (Infant mortality, Malnutrition, Child labour, Children education etc.) - Government Policies, welfare schemes and programs - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations Community resources. People participation in their Welfare.
	.02)		Women Development - problems and issues (Gender inequality, Violence against women, Girl child Infanticide/Foeticide, Empowerment of Women etc.)- Government Policy, schemes and programs for development / welfare and empowerment - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Community resources. People’s participation in their development.
	.03)		Youth Development: problems and issues (Unemployment, unrest, drug addiction etc.) - Government Policy - development schemes and programs - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Community resources. People’s participation in their development.
	.04)		Tribal Development: problems and issues (Malnutrition, isolation, integration and development etc.) - Tribal movement - Government Policy, welfare schemes and programs- Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Community resources. People’s participation in their Welfare.
	.05)		Development for Socially deprived classes ( SC, OBC etc. ) - problems and issues (inequality in opportunity etc.) - Government Policy, welfare schemes and development programs - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Resource mobilsation and Community participation.
	.06)		Welfare for aged People- problems and issues - Government Policy - welfare schemes and programs - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Community participation for their development. Utilisation of their services in developmental activities.
	.07)		Labour Welfare - problems and issues (working conditions, wages, health and problems related to organised and unorganised sectors) - Government Policy, welfare schemes and programs - Role of international agencies, community and Voluntary Organisations.
	.08)		Welfare of disabled persons - problems and issues (inequality in educational and employment opportunity etc.) - Government Policy, welfare schemes and programs - Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations in employment and rehabilitation.
	.09)		People’s Rehabilitations - (People affected by Development projects and Natural Calamities.) – Strategy and programs – Legal Provisions – Consideration of different aspects like economic, cultural, social, psychological etc.
7)	Globalisation and its impact on different sections of Indian Society.
8)	Consumer Protection: Salient features of the existing act- Rights of consumers- Consumer disputes and redressal machinery, Different kinds of Forums- Objectives, Powers, functions, procedures, Consumer Welfare Fund.
9)	Values and Ethics : Fostering of social norms, values, ethics through formal and informal agencies such as family, religion, education, media etc.

Back

General Studies – II

( Subject Code: 009 )

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well educated person will be able to answer without any specialised study and its intention is to test candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
	3)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to criticise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 40 )
India in World Affairs
1)	Foreign Policy of India :
	.01)	Basic Principles, Objectives, and Determinants of foreign policy.
	.02)	India and Neighbours: Conflict and Co-operation.
	.03)	India and Indian Ocean.
	.04)	Foreign Economic Policy of India: Aid, Trade and economic cooperation.
2)	Nuclear Policy of India :
	.01)	Salient features.
	.02)	Determinants of Nuclear Tests: Pokhran I (1974) and Pokhran II (1998)
	.03)	Recent Trends in Nuclear Policy such as NPT (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty) and CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.)
3)	India's External and Internal Security Concerns :
	.01)	Terrorism, Insurgency, Regional and Sub-regional conflicts; Socio-economic imbalances; Naxalite Movements, Separatist Movements, Communal Violences and Caste Conflicts.
	.02)	Law Enforcement Mechanism and Judiciary. a) Existing Laws and Regulations with reference to Maharashtra. b) Intelligence and Security Agencies. c) Treaties of Extradition and Interpol.
4)	International Affairs and Institutions :
	.01)	Emerging important issues and events in international relations (1990 onwards) Political, Strategic and Economic : considerations.
	.02)	Regional and International Institutions: a) SAARC, ASEAN, NAM, Commonwealth of Nations and European Union. b) United Nations System: Its Charter and Organs, (General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council and International Court of Justice) c) UN Agencies: UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNDP, UNICEF, UNHCR, UN Peace Keeping Forces, UNCHR, ILO and WHO.
Section – B ( Marks : 40 )
Indian Economy, Planning, Trade, Rural Development
5)	Planning : Process - Types - Review of India's First to Tenth Five year Plans. Evaluation. Social and Economic Indicators of Development. State and Local Level Planning. Decentralisation - 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments. Indian Economy - trends in Sectoral Development and profile of service Sector. Challenges in Indian Economy - Poverty, Unemployment and Regional Imbalances.
6)	Urban and Rural Infrastructure Development: Need and Significance. Growth and Development of Social and economic infrastructure such as Energy, Water supply and sanitation, Housing, Transport (Road, Ports etc.) Communications (Post and Telegraphs, Telecommunication), Network of Radio, TV, Internet. Crises, problems related to Infrastructure in India. Policy alternatives - Public-Private Sector Partnership. FDI and Infrastructure Development - Privatisation of infrastructure development. Centre and State Government Policies for Infrastructure Development. Transport and Housing (Urban and Rural). Problems - Centre and State Government initiatives and programmes.
7)	Industry : Need - importance and role of industries in economic and social development, Growth Pattern, Structure of Large-scale Industries in India with special reference to Maharashtra. Small-scale, Cottage and Village industries Problems Prospects of Small scale, cotage and village industry. Impact of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation on SSIs. State Government Policy, measures and programmes for development, promotion and monitoring of SSIs (with special reference to Maharashtra) Export Potential of Small scale and cottage industries.
8)	Co-operation: Concept, Meaning, Objectives, Old and new principles of co-operation. Growth and diversification of co-operative movement in India. Co-operative institution in Maharashtra – types, role, importance and diversification. State policy and Co-operative sector - Legislation, Supervision, Audit and Aid. Problems of Co-operatives in Maharashtra. Prospects of Cooperatives in the era of global competition.
9)	Economic reforms: Background, Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation – (concept, meaning, scope and limitations). Economic Reforms at Centre and State Level. WTO Regime - Provisions and its implications and impact on Indian Economy, issues and problems.
10)	International Trade and International Captial Movements: Emerging Trends in era of globalisation. Growth, Composition and Direction of India's Foreign Trade. Foreign trade policy of India - Export Promotion. WTO and International Trade. Foreign Capital Inflows - Composition and Growth - FDI. e-Commerce. Role of Multinationals - International Financing Agencies – (IMF, World Bank and IDA). International Credit Ratings.
11)	Public Finance: Sources of revenue - tax, non-tax and public debt of Centre and States in India. Public Expenditure (Centre and States) - Growth and causes. Public Expenditure Reform - Performance Based Budgeting and Zero - Based Budgeting. review of Tax Reforms at national and State level. VAT. Public debt - Growth, Composition and Burden. Problem of States' Indebtedness to Centre. Fiscal Deficits - Concepts, Control of Deficits - Centre, State and RBI Initiatives. Fiscal Reforms in India - Review at Centre and State Level.
Section - C ( Marks : 40 )
Natural Resource Development
12)	Agriculture: Importance of Agriculture in National Economy - Causes of low productivity - Government policies, schemes and programmes for agriculture production and developments such as land reforms and land utilisation, soil and water conservation, rainfed farming, Irrigation and its methods, Agriculture inputs (improved seeds, Fertilizers and Manures, Pest Management, Mechanization of Agriculture). Problem of rural indebtedness, Agriculture credit- need, importance and Financial Institutions involved therein. Agriculture pricing- components, factors affecting prices of various Agriculture produces - Govt. support prices of various agriculture produces, Subsidies. Agriculture Marketing - present status, Value added products. Role of Govt and its institutes in agriculture marketing.
13)	Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development: Its role, importance and significance in National Economy, Livestock in India particularly in Maharashtra, Govt policies, schemes and programmes for livestock development including livestock breeds, feeds and fodder, Healthcare - Role of milk, meat and poultry products in human nutrition, White Revolution, Co-operative dairy enterprises in Maharashtra.
14)	Development of fisheries: Its role and significance in national economy, scope and development of fisheries in India and particularly in Maharashtra, Causes of low productivity and Govt efforts to overcome it, export of marine products.
15)	Horticulture: Importance and scope of fruit and plantation crops with reference to Maharashtra, Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition, Major fruit Plants, vegetable crops and flower plants of Maharashtra, Horticultural crops suitable for dryland and rainfed condition. Problems and its solutions of low productivity. Processing, packaging, transportation, marketing of Horticultural Products. Government schemes and programs for Horticulture development and marketing, Government Agencies and Institutes engaged in Horticulture development.
16)	Forestry: Its role in enhancing the quality of environment, Causes and effects of deforestation, Problems and issues related to forestry - Government policies and afforestration programmes (Social forestry, Agroforestry), Utilisation of forest products, Role of Government, Voluntary Organisation and local community in forest development.
17)	Food and Nutrition: Food - trends in Food production and consumption in India, First and ensuing second Green Revolutions, Self-sufficiency in food, Problem of food security, Problems and issues of storage, procurement, distribution, import and export of food. Calorific value of foods and its measurement, Energy and nutrient needs of human body for better health and balanced diet - common nutritional problems in India and its causes and effects, Govt. Policies, schemes, programs such as PDS, Food for work, Mid-day Meal Scheme and other nutritional programs.
Section - D ( Marks : 40 )
Scientific and Technological Developments
18)	Energy: Conventional and non-conventional energy sources - Potential of Solar, Wind, Biogas, Biomass, Geothermal and other renewable energy sources. Introduction to solar gadgets viz solar cooker, water heater etc. Biogas- principle, and process. Problems of Energy Crises, Govt. Policies and programs for power generation. Nuclear Power Program, Thermal Power Program, Hydroelectric Power program, Power distribution and National Grid. Agencies and Institutions engaged in Energy security, Research and development.
19)	Computer: Role of computer in modern society, its applications in various spheres of life such as data communication, networking and web technologies, Cyber crime and its prevention.
20)	Information Technology: as a new industry - use of I.T. in various services and faculties of knowledge. Growth and present status of I.T. industry in India, Govt. programs such as Media Lab Asia, Vidya Vahini, Gyan Vahini, Community Information Centre etc. Major issues in IT industry - its prospects.
21)	Space Technology: Indian space programmes, Artificial satellites - types and applications, Indian Artificial satellites for telecommunication, television, education, broadcasting, weather forecasting, GPS, disaster warning. Indian missile program etc. Remote sensing, GIS and its application in weather forecasting, Disaster warning, water, soil, mineral resources development, agriculture and fisheries development, urban planning, ecological studies, GS and GIS.
22)	Water Resources: Significance of water in human & national development, National and State Water Policy, Water Resources - potential, planning and development in India particularly in Maharashtra, Intrastate and Interstate River water disputes, Various irrigation projects, National programme of flood management, Groundwater development in India particularly in Maharashtra. National and State Agencies engaged in water resource development and research.
23)	Ocean Development: Role of the seas in climatic changes and monsoon in India, Marine living and non-living resources development, causes and effect of sea pollution and coastal degradation, Coastal and Marine Area Management, CRZ Regulation, Coastal Community Development. Govt. programs and activities for ocean resources development, Ocean observing and research.
24)	Meteorology: Earth atmosphere - its composition, extent and structure. Atmospheric weather variables (Parameters), Weather forecasting system, cloud formation and movement - Monsoon model - crop yield model.
25)	Environment: Ecosystems - Biodiversity and balance ecosystem - Biosphere Reserve (wetlands, mangroves coral reefs). Pollution: Types and sources, its impact on environment and related problems, Govt. efforts to prevent and control of pollution, Govt. legislation and programs. Sustainable development in field of agriculture, industry, urban habitant, etc. Govt. and Voluntary agencies engaged in Environmental protection activities at national and international level.
26)	Biotechnology: Its potential to improve human life and national economy through agricultural, industrial development and employment generation. Biotechnology as an essential and important tool of natural resource development. Areas of application - Agriculture, Animal breeding and Veterinary health-care, Pharmaceutics, Human healthcare, Food technology, energy generation, environment protection etc. Role and efforts of government in promoting, regulating and developing biotechnology in country. Ethical, Social, Legal issues related to biotechnological development, possible adverse effects of biotechnological development.
Section – E ( Marks : 40 )
Statistical Analysis, Graphs and Diagrams
27)	Classification and Tablulation of Data given in descriptive form.
28)	Computation and interpretation of Mean, Median, Mode of Data given.
29)	Conversion of Tabular data / information in a) Diagram - Venn, bar, Pie diagram. b) Graph - Line graph, Histogram, Polygon.
30)	Interpretation of Data / Information given in Tabular and Diagramatic / Graphical Form.
31)	Pointing out deficiencies, limitations, in consistencies in the given Data.
32)	To prepare Algorithm and Flow chart for solving simple problems in organisation.

Back

Optional Subjects

Agriculture

( Subject Code: 101 )

Paper I

Standard : Degree in Agriculture	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :		1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
		2)	This paper will test the candidates ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
		3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Agronomy
1) Ecology :
	.01)			Ecology and its relevance to natural resources in India in general and Maharashtra in particular, with special reference to agriculture.
	.02)			Agro moterology types of climate and their methods of classification
	.03)			Effect of climatic factors on crop growth.
	.04)			Drought classification and factors of drought tolerance in plants.
	.05)			Eco-system, Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crop plants.
2) Cropping Patterns :
	.01)			Cropping patterns in relation to Agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra
	.02)			Concept of multiple cropping, multistory, relay, inter cropping and mixed cropping and their importance in crop production and resource management.
	.03)			Organic Farming Concept, Permaculture, Regenerative agriculture, Prospects and Limitations.
	.04)			Package of practices of important cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fibers, sugarcane, and fodder crops grown during kharif and rabi seasons in Maharashtra.
	.05)			Weeds associated with various crops and their integrated management.
3) Tillage :
	.01)			Tillage and its objective and factors affecting it.
	.02)			Tillage implements and its relevance for good tillage and plant growth.
	.03)			Modern concept of tillage.

Section B ( Marks : 50 )
Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science
4) Soil :
	.01)	Processes and factors of soil formation.
	.02)	Classification of soil including modern concepts.
	.03)	Physical, chemical and biological properties of soil (texture, structure, soil reaction and pH, soil air and soil temperature etc.).
	.04)	Soil Survey and Land capability classification.
	.05)	Soils of Maharashtra.
	.06)	Soil fertility management in relation to sustainability of productivity.
5) Soil and Water Conservation :
	.01)	Soil conservation, planning on watershed basis.
	.02)	Erosion and run-off management in hilly, foothills and valley lands.
	.03)	Dry land agriculture and its problem, stabilization of productivity in dry land agriculture.
	.04)	Problem soils and their reclamation methods.
6) Essential Nutrients in Plants :
	.01)	Essential plant nutrients criteria, classification, functions, deficiency symptoms and corrective measures.
	.02)	Organic manures, inorganic fertilizers, bio-fertilizers and methods of application.
	.03)	Fertigation, slow release fertilizers and fertilizer use efficiency.
	.04)	Integrated plant nutrient management (IPNM) in relation to sustainable agriculture.
Section C ( Marks : 50 )
Agricultural Engineering
7) Water Management :
	.01)	Soil water constant and water requirement.
	.02)	Water use efficiency in crop production.
	.03)	Criteria for scheduling irrigation.
	.04)	Drip and sprinkler irrigation.
	.05)	Quality of irrigation water.
	.06)	Type of drainage for water logged soil, effect of drainage on soil improvement and crop growth.
	.07)	Effect of industrial effluents on soil and water pollution.
8) Farm Machinery and Power :
	Conventional and Non-conventional sources of farm power, farm machinery and farm implements.
9) Agricultural Process Engineering :
	.01)	Concept of value addition and scope, utilisation of byproduct.
	.02)	Post-harvest processing techniques and equipments, status of Agro-industries in Maharashtra.
Section D ( Marks : 50 )
Horticulture
10) Horticulture :
	.01)	Climatic requirements and cultivation of major fruit crops, vegetable crops and flower plants, package of practices.
	.02)	Scope of fruits, vegetables and flowers for domestic and export market.
	.03)	Important Milestones and present status in fruits, vegetables and floriculture in Maharashtra.
	.04)	Principle methods of preservation of important fruits and vegetable products.
	.05)	Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition.
	.06)	Production of mushroom.
	.07)	Design, layout of gardens and land scaping.
	.08)	Hi-tech floriculture (Green House and Poly House technology).
	.09)	Importance and scope of dry land horticulture and crops suitable for dry land and rain fed conditions.
11) Medicinal and Aromatic plants :
	Importance and scope of medicinal and aromatic plants, its cultivation, processing and present status in Maharashtra.
12) Forestry :
	Types of Forestry, Social and Agro- forestry, their importance, scope and relevance to the need of rural community, multipurpose tree species, Apiculture and Sericulture.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree in Agriculture	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidates ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Agricultural Botany
1) Cell Biology :
	.01)	Cell Structures and organelles.
	.02)	Cell division Mitosis and Meiosis.
	.03)	Nucleic acids. a) Structure and functions. b) Gene structure and functions.
2) Genetics :
	.01)	Laws of heredity, their significance in plant breeding.
	.02)	Linkage and crossing over and its significance in recombination breeding.
	.03)	Variations Component of variation, polyploidy, euploid and aneuploids, Mutations and mutgens.
3) Plant breeding :
	.01)	Mode of reproduction Selfing and crossing techniques.
	.02)	Sterility and incompatibility and its role in crop improvement.
	.03)	Crop genetic resources, conservation and utilization.
	.04)	Breeding Methods.
		a) Selection (mass selection, pure line selection, pedigree selection and recurrent selection). b) Hybridization. (1) Combining ability and its significance in plant breeding. (2) Hybrid vigour and its exploitation. (3) Back cross method of breeding. (4) Breeding for disease and pest resistance. (5) Role of inter-specific and inter generic hybridization.
	.05)	Improved varieties, hybrids composites of various crop plants.
4) Seed Technology :
	.01)	Seed technology and its importance.
	.02)	Different types of seeds and their production and processing techniques.
	.03)	Role of public and private sector in seed industry.
	.04)	Seed Acts, seed testing and seed certification.
5) Physiology :
	.01)	Photosynthesis and its Mechanism.
	.02)	C3, C4 and Crasulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants.
	.03)	Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
6) Growth and Development of Plants :
	.01)	Plant growth regulators Phytoharmones, their mechanism of action and importance in agriculture.
	.02)	Seed germination and dormancy.

Back

Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Plant Pathology, Entomology and Nematology
7) Plant Pathology :
	.01)	Plant diseases and their Classification.
	.02)	Plant diseases of major crops of Maharashtra.
	.03)	Epidemiology and forecasting of diseases.
	.04)	Principles of Plant disease management.
	.05)	Plant protection equipments and maintenance.
	.06)	Integrated disease management ( IDM).
	.07)	Biological control of diseases.
8) Entomology :
	.01)		Classification of insect and pests of agriculture importance.
	.02)		Major insect pests of major crops of Maharashtra and losses cause of by them.
	.03)		Biological control of insect pests, scope and limitation.
	.04)		Storage insect pests of cereals and pulses and their management.
	.05)		Integrated pests management (IPM).
9) Nematology :
	Plant parasitic nematods of major crops of Maharashtra infestation and their management.
10) Pesticides :
	Pesticides and bio-pesticides, their formulations, compatibility and mode of action, microbial toxins.

Back

Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
11) Food Policy and Standards :
	.01)	Food production and consumption trends in Maharashtra.
	.02)	National and International food policies.
	.03)	Production, procurement, distribution, storage and processing of farm products.
	.04)	Relation of food production and national dietary pattern.
	.05)	Major deficiencies of calorie and protein malnutrition problems in Maharashtra.
12) Livestock production and management :
	.01)	Live stock production of cattle, goat, sheep, poultry and pig in Maharashtra.
	.02)	Live stock breeds and their characteristics, Breeding and management of dairy animals.
	.03)	Animal nutrition Chemical compositions of animal feed, digestion, absortion and metabolization of food, nutritive evaluation of feed.
13) Biotechnology :
	a)	Tissue culture and its application in agriculture.
	b)	Recombinant DNA technology.
	c)	Transgenic plants for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance.
	d)	Biotechnology and its application in food processing, alcoholic beverages, biogas, bio-fertilizers, Animal and human health.
14) Remote sensing and its application in agriculture and natural resource management.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Agricultural Economics and Extension
15) Agricultural Economics :
	.01)	Farm management, and importance.
	.02)	Farm planning and budgeting.
	.03)	Types and systems of farming and factors affecting them.
	.04)	Agricultural marketing and its institutes, pricing of agricultural inputs and outputs.
	.05)	Problems in the marketing and measures to overcome.
	.06)	Agricultural price policy, objectives of price policy, price stabilization and price support policy of government to agricultural produce.
	.07)	Agricultural finance institutes and role in agricultural economy.
	.08)	Government agricultural credit policy, credit institutes, problems thereof.
	.09)	Government economic policy, World Trade Organization (WTO)- present provisions and its impact on agricultural production, growth and trade. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Petents.
	.10)	Agricultural business management.
	.11)	Cooperation : Meaning, Principles and importance of cooperation, Types of cooperative institutes and their role in agriculture development, cooperative movement in Maharashtra.
16) Extension :
	.01)	Agricultural extension, its importance and role.
	.02)	Methods of evaluation of extension programme.
	.03)	Socioeconomic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labours.
	.04)	Communication a) Importance of audiovisual aids in extension education. b) Mass media and their importance in extension education. c) KVK and its role in agricultural promotion and development. d) Single window system organization.
	.05)	Lab to land programme, TAR, IVLP, ATMA & Kisan Call Centre.
	.06)	Integrated rural development programme.
	.07)	Role of public and private agencies in agricultural extension.
	.08)	Information Technology, its utility and role in agricultural extension and development.
	.09)	Agri Clinics: concept, need and prospects.

Back

Management

( Subject Code: 801)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse,to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Principles of Management :
	.01)	The concept of Management - The process of Management - evolution of Management Thought- Recent trends - Managerial role and functions, Planning Perspective- Objectives & Policies, Hierarchy of Planning - Planning Process- decision making.
	.02)	Organisation structure, typical pattern of grouping activities, Criteria for grouping activities, concept of authority, responsibility. Delegation, accountability, delegation, decentralization, centralization, nature of staff - work, line and staff relations, lateral relations, committees.
	.03)	Communication perspective, Actuating perspective, motivation, supervision, Direction, Leadership, Control perspective, Concept of control, process of control.
2)	Total Quality Management :
	.01)	Techniques of TQM - Reengineering - Empowerment - Benchmarking - down Sizing - Learning Organisations.
	.02)	Latest Trends in Management - Quality Circles, Kaizen, 5-S, Just in Time, ISO 9000 – 2000, Six Sigma.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Organisational Behaviour:
	.01)	Concept, Importance, Historical background, fundamental concept of OB - different models of OB, perception, personality and attitudes and dynamics, learning, theory of motivation and their relevance.
	.02)	Understanding group behaviour and dynamics, stress management, conflict management, conflict resolution, managing change, innovation in organisational design such as networks, Knowledge based enterprise systems and processes.
4)	Business Environment:
	.01)	Concept and analysis of Macro business environment - Indian and global, Analysis of structural dimensions of Indian Economy.
	.02)	Direction of change and impact on business decision, regulatory and promotional policies, privatisation, liberalisation, globalisation and corporatisation problems and prospects.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
5)	Managerial Ethics and Challenges in the Future :
	.01)	Ethics in the Workplace- Formulation of ethics - Managerial ethics - Managing ethical behaviour - Codes of Ethics - Ethics training - Encouraging ethical behaviour, Management of Change, Organizational Development - Globalization - Demographic Change Resource Availability.
	.02)	Social Responsibility - Areas of social responsibility - Managing social responsibility Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship.
6)	Quantitative Techniques in Decision Making :
	.01)	Classification of data, Measures of central tendency and dispersion, correlation and regression, Time series analysis and forecasting techniques.
	.02)	Elementary concepts of Binomial, Poisson and normal distribution, Linear programming, problem formulation, Simplex method and graphical solution, PERT and CPM, decision making under certainty.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
7)	Strategic Management:
	.01)	Strategic management - An introduction, Concept and characteristics of strategic management, stakeholders in business, Strategy formulation-Analysis of Environmental opportunities and threats, formation of organizational vision, mission and objectives, Strategic Analysis and choice - Corporate Portfolio analysis, SWOT analysis and GAP analysis.
	.02)	Porter's 5 forces model of competition, Mc Kinsey 7s framework, GE 9 cell model, Distinctive competitiveness, Selection of matrix, Design of Strategic business units, Strategy Implementation, Issues in implementation, Project implementation and procedural implementation, Resource allocation, Strategy Evaluation.
8)	Management Control System:
	.01)	Basic concept and characteristics, understanding strategic behaviour, responsibility centers, strategic planning and preparation of budget, Zero based budgets, Cost analysis, Activity based costing.
	.02)	Cost drivers and their measurement, Target costing, Profit variance analysis, Analysis and evaluation of performance, Control system in Service organization. Modern control methods, controlling global enterprises, Transfer pricing and management of risk. Concept of social audit.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Financial Management:
	.01)		Goal, scope and significance of finance function, analysis of financial position : Ratio and fund flow analysis, Concepts of value and return, Valuation of bonds and shares, Risk and return.
	.02)		Portfolio theory, CAPM and APM, option pricing, financial and operating leverage, design of capital structure : theories and practices, Capital Budgeting, Management of working capital, Estimation and financing, Management of cash, Receivables and Inventory and current liabilities.
	.03)		Capital and money markets, Institutions and instruments, Leasing, Hire purchasing, Venture capital, Mergers and acquisitions, Shareholder value creation, Dividend policy.
	.04)		Corporate financial policy and strategy, management of corporate distress and restructuring strategy, regulation of capital market.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
2)	Marketing Management:
	.01)	Concept, Function, Significance, Marketing Planning process - Analysis of Marketing environment, Marketing Information system and marketing research, understanding Consumer behaviour, Demand Forecasting, Segmentation, targeting and positioning.
	.02)	Product management, Brand management, pricing strategy, distribution channels and logistics, public distribution system, Marketing communication, competitive strategy, Marketing Implementation and control, Evaluation and control of marketing function, Services and nonprofit marketing, Social marketing, Ethics in Marketing, e-Marketing.
3)	International Business:
	.01)	International business environment, Changing composition of trade in goods and services, Emerging areas of trade, evolution of international trade policies, Instruments of trade policy, Institutions of international business.
	.02)	GATT/WTO : TRIPS and TRIMS-labour conditions and environmental issues, trade in services and Agro-products, role of IMF, World bank, UNCTAD, regional economic cooperation, International marketing management - Export finance, management of risk, Export - Import procedure and documentation.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
4)	Production And Materials Management:
	.01)	Production Management - Nature, Scope, Importance and Function. Aggregate Production Planning, Capacity Planning.
	.02)	Plant Location Planning, Plant Size and Scale of operations, Layout, Facility Design, Methods of Manufacturing.
	.03)	Maintenance Management, Inspection, Work Study, Production Control, Materials Management - Scope, Objectives, Role and Importance, Forecasting Material requirement, planning, inventory, inventory control.
	.04)	Material Handling, Supply Chain Management, Vendor Evaluation And Audit, Quality Management, Value Analysis, Quality Control, Make or Buy Decision, Codification, Standardization, Purchasing Management, International Buying.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
5)	Management Information System:
	.01)	Conceptual Foundation of Information System, Need, Purpose, Objectives, Information Resource Management, Information Technology and New trends.
	.02)	Managing Data Resources- Organizing Data, DSS and RDBMS, System Analysis and Design, System Development Management Life Cycle. Designing On - Line and Distributed Environments, Implementation and Control of Project.
6)	Human Resource Management:
	.01)	Concept, functions and importance, Manpower planning, recruitment, selection, training and development, promotion and transfer, Performance management.
	.02)	Job evaluation, Job enrichment, Job enlargement, Compensation management, retirement, employee moral and productivity, management of organizational climate and industrial relations, Human Resource Accounting and Audit.

Back

Agricultural Engineering

(Subject Code : 102)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree in Agricultural Engineering	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub-topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub-topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1) Drying of Farm Crops :
	.01)	Importance and need for drying; Moisture content and its measurement, Equilibrium moisture content; Heat and mass transfer in drying, Moisture migration and prevention of moisture accumulation, Psychrometry, psychrometric chart and its application for drying process.
	.02)	Design of dryers; Types of food grains dryers such as Batch dryer, Recirculating batch type (RPEC) dryer, Louisiana State University (LSU) dryer, Baffle dryer, Rotary dryer and Solar (cabinet) dryer.
2) Engineering Properties and Handling of Biological Materials :
	.01)	Physical characteristics such as shape, size, spatial dimensions, roundness, sphericity, volume, density, specific gravity, surface area, porosity. Mechanical properties like hardness of grain, compressive strength, impact and shear resistance. Thermal properties such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity. Electrical properties like electrical conductance, capacitance and dielectric properties.
	.02)	Aero and hydrodynamic characteristics such as drag coefficient, terminal velocity. Rheological properties such as force deformation behavior, ideal elastic behavior, ideal plastic behavior, ideal viscous behavior, viscoelastic behavior; Material handling devices such as conveyors and elevators, Design of material handling devices like belt conveyor, screw conveyor and bucket elevator.
3) Processing of Biological Materials :
	Importance and need of processing, Unit operations such as cleaning, sorting, grading, drying, dehydration, storage, milling, handling, mixing, packaging and transportation; Screen effectiveness, cleaning efficiency, sieve analysis, fineness modulus, uniformity index and particle size estimation; Principles and operations of air screen cleaner, specific gravity separator, spiral separator, disc separator, indented cylinder separator, magnetic separator and pneumatic separator.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
4) Dairy and Food Engineering :
	.01)	Mass and energy balance; heat transfer and heat exchangers (Double pipe, Shell and tubes, and coils); Pasteurization (vat, HTST and UHT pasteurization), Homogenization; Principle and operations of spray, drum, vacuum and freeze dryer. Evaporation, design of single effect and multiple effect evaporators; Principle and operations of pan, natural convection, forced convection, long tube, short tube, rising film, falling film evaporators; Vapour absorbtion system.
	.02)	Refrigeration, vapour compression refrigeration system; Heating and cooling load calculation; Precooling, cold storage and its design; Controlled atmospheric (CA) storages and modified atmospheric (MA) packages for horticultural crops; Freezing, estimation of freezing time using planks method; Principles of fruits and vegetables preservations - canning, drying, slicing, blanching, sterilization, thermal processing; Need and importance of food packaging, functions, general requirements, types of packaging materials, forms of packaging.
5) Agricultural Structures :
	.01)	Farm stead and Farm house design, Farm fencing – woven wire, close mesh type, barbed wire, plain wire, welded wire, electric; Cost estimation of barbed wire fencing; Dairy barn – stanchion and loose housing barn, milking parlour, pen barn, community barn; Poultry houses – wire floored and deep litter type.
	.02)	Design of pit and trench silo; Calculation of lateral pressure on cylindrical grain bin wall using Airy and Janssen formulae; Design of bag storage structures; Greenhouses – meaning, types, advantages, importance and scope, procedure of erection of Quonset type pipe framed greenhouse.
6) Size Reduction of Biological Material :
	Size reduction and estimation of energy requirements using Kicks, Rittengers and Bonds law. Size reduction procedures such as cutting, grinding, crushing, impact and shearing. Principles and operations of size reduction machinery like gyratory crushers, roller crusher, attrition mill, hammer mill and ball mill.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
7) Farm Power :
	.01)	Sources of farm power, classification of I.C. engines; Working principle of two stroke & four stroke cycle engines; cycles of I.C. engine – Otto & Diesel Cycle; Performance of I.C. engine, Calculations of power, specific fuel consumption.
	.02)	Working and construction of engine systems - cooling, lubrication, ignition, fuel supply; Working and construction of tractor systems - steering, clutch and brake, transmission and hydraulic system; Weight transfer and determination of Center of gravity; Periodic maintenance of agricultural tractors.
8) Farm Mechanization :
	.01)	Status, constraints and prospects of farm mechanization; Selection of farm machineries for higher field efficiency; Objectives of soil tillage, types of tillage; Construction and working of primary & secondary tillage equipments, seed drills, planters, reapers, mowers, combine harvesters, threshers.
	.02)	Calculations on performance of farm machinery, field capacity, field efficiency, cost analysis, calibration of seed drills and sprayers; Sprayers- classification, construction & operation of hydraulic sprayer- knapsack, rocker, foot and compression sprayer, air assisted sprayer.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
9) Farm Machinery Design :
	.01)	Design of power transmission – V- belts and roller chain drives; Design parameters of agricultural implements, Ergonomical considerations in design of agricultural equipments.
	.02)	Force analysis of single bottom mould board plough; Design considerations of seed drills, planters and threshers.
10) Renewable Energy Sources :
	.01)	Different types of renewable energy sources, Solar water heating systems (working principle and components) – natural circulation type (pressurized), natural circulation type (non pressurized), forced circulation type; basic photovoltaic system for power generation; Design principle and constructional details of box type solar cooker; Multi rack natural convection type solar dryer;
	.02)	Basic principles of wind energy conversion – the nature of the wind, power in the wind, forces on the blades and thrust on turbines; Wind energy- site selection considerations; Basic components of wind energy conversion systems; Wind mill types – horizontal and vertical axis; Water pumps- solar/wind. Biomass conversion technologies; Biogas generation; Factors affecting bio digestion; Types of biogas – floating dome (KVIC) type and fixed dome (Janata) type. Principle and types of Gasifiers.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree in Agricultural Engineering	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
1) Irrigation Engineering :
	.01)	Importance of irrigation; Techniques of measuring soil moisture – laboratory and in-situ; Soil water plant relationship – infiltration and it’s measurement.
	.02)	Water requirement of the crops, consumptive use, evapo-transpiration (ET) and it’s measurement; Measurement of irrigation water using orifices, weirs, flumes; Methods of irrigation – surface, sub- surface, drip, sprinkler.
	.03)	Design of irrigation methods – basin, border, furrow, drip and sprinkler; irrigation efficiencies and their estimation; Design of lift irrigation scheme.
2) Drainage Engineering :
	.01)	Drainage design criteria – hydrologic and hydraulic design; Soil permeability, hydraulic conductivity and its measurement, drainage porosity and its measurement.
	.02)	Methods of land drainage, drainage coefficient and its estimation; Design of open ditch; Sub- surface drainage. Reclamation of saline and alkali soils.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
3) Wells and Pumps :
	.01)	Aquifer and types of aquifers; Darcy’s law, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, coefficient of storage, steady and unsteady flow of water in tube well.
	.02)	Design of irrigation well; Pumps and types of pumps, design of centrifugal pump; pump selection and installation.
4) Canal Irrigation :
	.01)	Components of canal irrigation, terms used in canal irrigation, design of lined canal; Kennedy’s and Lacey’s theory (problems).
	.02)	Diversion head works, canal head regulators, cross drainage works, canal falls; Operation and maintenance of canal.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
5) Surveying and Leveling :
	Survey– Definitions, Object of survey; Principles of surveying; Distance measurement - Chaining, types of chains, offsets and their types, computation of areas, errors in length, area and volume due to incorrect chain, obstacles in chaining; Methods of surveying – Triangulation and Traversing; Methods of Traversing - Chain angles, Free needle, Fast needle, Measurement of angles between successive lines; Bearing of lines – designation and calculation of angles; Plane Tabling – Principle, Instrument and accessories, advantages and disadvantages; Leveling - Principles, terms used, types of levels and leveling staff, steps in leveling; Reduction of levels – collimation system and rise and fall system.
6) Soil Mechanics :
	Preliminary definitions, Functional relationship, engineering properties of soil; Consistency limits of soil; Soil classification-Textural classification, Particle size classification, Unified soil classification, Indian standard classification; Soil water-Modes of occurrence of soil water, Adsorbed water, capillary water; Stress conditions in soil-Submerged soil mass, Soil mass with surcharge, Saturated soil with capillary fringe; Permeability-factors affecting permeability, Coefficient of permeability by-constant head method, falling head method; Seepage analysis-Head gradient and potential, Seepage pressure, Upward flow, quick condition; Consolidation and Compaction-Spring analogy of One-dimensional consolidation, Standard Proctor test of compaction, Factors affecting compaction; Earth pressure-active and passive state, Earth pressure at rest.
7) Hydrology :
	.01)	Water resources of India and Maharashtra; Hydrological cycle; Meteorological parameters in Agricultural context - temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, sunshine hours; Evaporation - factors affecting evaporation and measurement of evaporation; Precipitation – types, forms, measurement; Rain gauge types - recording type, non- recording type, estimation of missing data, adequacy of rain gauge stations and network design.
	.02)	Runoff - factors affecting runoff, rainfall –runoff relationship; Design runoff rate by - rational method and curve number method; Hydrograph - components of hydrograph, factors affecting shape of hydrograph, unit hydrograph (only concept)
8) Erosion and Sedimentation:
	Problems of soil erosion in India and Maharashtra; Agents of soil erosion; Water Erosion, factors affecting water erosion, classification of water erosion, erosivity and erodibility; Wind erosion, mechanics of wind erosion, types of soil movement in wind erosion; Estimation of soil loss by USLE; Gully control structures – types, description, advantages and disadvantages; Sedimentation, sources of sedimentation, sediment control in reservoirs.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
9) Soil and Water Conservation Structures :
	.01)	Criteria for selection of erosion control measures; Classification of measures - Engineering measures, Biological measures; Engineering measures-Contour bund- design and function; Graded bund- design and function; Bench terraces- types, design and function; CCT-Design and function, Wind break and shelter belt- functions; Drainage line treatment; Drop Spillway - design and function; Chute spillway - design and function; Gabion structure - design and function; Loose boulder - function and adaptability; Vegetated waterways – design and function; Water harvesting structure.
	.02)	Farm Pond – types, functions, site selection, water storage requirement; Lining for seepage control- puddling, compaction, clay blanket, bentonite treatment, sodium salts, soil cement lining, cement concrete lining, asphalt lining, polyethylene, plastic lining stone slab, brick lining.; Gully control structures - types, description advantages and disadvantages, stages of gully development; Gravity dam - forces acting on gravity dam, modes of failure.
10) Watershed Development and Management :
	.01)	Watershed Concept, Types, Morphological characteristics, Watershed management, Objectives, Steps, Development, components in watershed programme; Measures in watershed developments - Engineering measures - contour bund, graded bund, bench terracing, CCT; Biological measures - contour farming, fuel fodder plantation, vegetable bunds; Drainage line treatments - drop spillway, chute spillway, loose boulders, Gabion structures.
	.02)	Water storage structures, Rainwater harvesting, storage and recycling; Farm pond - embankment type, dugout type, only significance, adaptability, alignment, advantages and disadvantages of aforesaid measures; Land capability classification- I to VIII classes; Land use planning measurements; Crop management for erosion control; Drought analysis - onset of effective Monsoon, dryspell, wetspell, Critical dry spell; Evaluation of Soil and water conservation work in watershed; Peoples' participation in watershed development; Socio-economic benefits of watershed programme.
11) Advanced Technologies in Natural Resources Management :
	Remote sensing and GIS-Principles, Electro-magnetic radiation and its properties; platform and sensors (LISS III, IV, PAN); Fundamentals of GIS and its significance in Agril. planning; application of remote sensing and GIS in land, water and forest resource management in watershed; Merits and demerits of traditional and remote sensing approaches; Types of satellite images; Computer application in Irrigation, Processing, Green House and Farm Machinery Design.

Back

Mathematics

(Subject Code : 604)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Linear Algebra :
	.01)	Vector spaces, linear dependence and independence, subspaces, bases, dimensions, finite dimensional vector spaces.
	.02)	(i) Matrices, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, eigen values and eigen vectors, matrix of linear transformation. (ii) Row and column reduction, echelon form, equivalence, congruence and similarity, reduction to cannonical form. (iii) rank, orthogonal, symmetrical, skew symmetrical, unitary, Hermitian, skew-Hermitian forms and their eigenvalues.
	.03)	Orthogonal and unitary reduction of quadratic and hermitian forms, positive definite quadratic forms.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
2)	Calculus :
	.01)	Functions of a real variable, limits, continuity, differentiability, mean-value theorems, Taylor's theorem with remainders, indeterminate forms, maxima and minima, asymptotes.
	.02)	Functions of several variables, continuity, differentiability, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Lagrange's method of multipliers, Jacobian.
	.03)	Riemann's definition of definite integrals, indefinite integrals, infinite and improper integrals, beta and gamma functions.
	.04)	Double and triple integrals (evaluation techniques only), area and volume, centre of gravity.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Analytic Geometry and Vector Analysis :
	.01)	(i) Cartesian and polar coordinates in two and three dimensions, second degree equations in two and three dimensions. (ii) Reduction to cannonical forms, straight lines, shortest distance between two skew lines, plane, sphere, cone, cylinder, paraboloid, ellipsoid, hyperboloid of one and two sheets and their properties.
	.02)	(i) Scalar and vector fields, triple products, differentiation of vector function of a scalar variable, Gradient, divergence and curl in cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates and their physical interpretations. (ii) Higher order derivatives, vector identities and vector equations.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
4)	Statics and Dynamics :
	.01)	Degree of freedom and constraints, rectilinear motion, simple harmonic motion, motion in a plane, projectiles, constrained motion, work and energy, conservation of energy, motion under impulsive forces, Kepler's laws, orbits under central forces, motion of varying mass, motion under resistance.
	.02)	Equilibrium of a system of particles, work and potential energy, friction, common catenary, principle of virtual work, stability of equilibrium, equilibrium of forces in three dimensions.
	.03)	(i) Generalised coordinates, constraints, holonomic and non-holonomic systems, D' Alembert's principle and Lagrange's equations. (ii) Hamilton’s equations, moment of intertia, motion of rigid bodies in two dimensions.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Algebra :
	.01)	(i) Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, homomorphism of groups, quotient groups, basic isomorphism theorems. (ii) Sylow's Theorems, permutation groups, Cayley’s Theorem.
	.02)	(i) Rings and ideals, principal ideal domains, unique factorization domains and Euclidean domains. (ii) Field extensions, finite fields.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
2)	Analysis :
	.01)	Real number system ordered sets, bounds, ordered field, real number system as an ordered field with least upper bound property, open and closed sets, Bolzano-Weirstrass and Heine-Borel theorems, Cauchy sequences, completeness.Continuity and uniform continuity of functions, properties of continuous functions on compact sets.
	.02)	Absolute and conditional convergence of series of real numbers, rearrangement of series. Uniform convergence, continuity, differentiability and integralibility for sequences and series of functions.
	.03)	(i) Analytic functions, Cauchy- Riemann equations, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Power series, Taylor’s series. (ii) Laurent’s series, Singularities and Cauchy’s residue theorem for evaluation of contour integrals.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Differential equations :
	.01)	Formulation of differential equations, first order differential equations and various methods of solving them, singular solutions, linear differential equations with constant coefficients.
	.02)	Differentiation of functions of several variables, directional and partial derivatives, change in the order of partial derivatives, Mean value theorem, Inverse and implicit function theorems.
	.03)	(i) Curves and surfaces in three dimensions, formulation of partial differential equations, solutions of equations of type dx/p=dy/q=dz/r; orthogonal trajectories, pfaffian differential equations, partial differential equations of the first order, solution by Cauchy's method of characteristics, Charpit's method of solutions. (ii) Linear partial differential equations of second order with constant coefficients, equations of vibrating string, heat equation, Laplace equation.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
4)	Numerical Analysis and Graph Theory :
	.01)	(i) Numerical methods for solution of algebraic and transcendental equations of one variable by bisection, Regula-Falsi and Newton-Raphson methods. (ii) Solution of system of linear equations by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan (direct) methods, Gauss-Seidel (iterative) method. Newton's (Forward and Backward) and Lagrange's method of interpolation.
	.02)	Numerical integration methods such as Simpson's one-third rule, trapezoidal rule, Gaussian quardrature formula.
	.03)	Linear programming problems, basic solution, basic feasible solution and optimal solution, graphical method and Simplex method of solutions, Duality.
	.04)	Graphs, Isomorphism, Connectivity, Trees, Spanning trees, Shortest path algorithm, Eulerian graphs and Hamiltonian graphs.

Back

Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science

(Subject Code : 105)

Paper - I

Standard : B.V.Sc.& A.H, Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry
1)	.01)	Anatomy and physiology of digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, musculo-skeletal and urogenital system.
	.02)	Physiology of nervous system and sensory organs; Growth and development of embryo in livestock and poultry.
2)	Physiology of digestion and absorption in ruminants and non-ruminants; Anatomy and physiology of mammary gland with reference to endocrine control; Environmental physiology and its influence on growth and production.
3)	Biochemistry of carbohydrate, protein, lipids, enzymes, co- enzymes, co- factors and their role in metabolism; Biochemistry of blood and body fluids.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Animal Genetics and Breeding
4)	Principles of animal genetics; Heritability, repeatability, genetic correlation and their applications; Hardy - Weinberg Law.
5)	.01)	System of mating; Inbred lines; Heterosis; Selection of breeding animals; Response to selection; Sire index; Open nucleus breeding system.
	.02)	National and state livestock breeding policy; Importance of conservation of livestock and poultry germplasm.
6)	Chromosome complements of various productive animals; Chromosomal aberrations, their effect on fertility and productivity of livestock with special reference to dairy animals; Importance of cytogenetics in animal breeding.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
Livestock and Poultry Management and Nutrition
7)	.01)	Breeds of cattle, buffaloe, sheep, goat, pigs and poultry; Judging of farm animals; Transportation of animals; Care and management of young stock, dry, pregnant, lactating animals, breeding bulls; Dentition of animals; Farms records.
	.02)	Economics of livestock and poultry farming; Farm structure - system of housing and management of dairy animals and poultry; Dairy farming and clean milk production; Preparation of animals for show/exhibition; Preparation of project reports of livestock and poultry farm; Importance of sheep and goat production in National economy.
8)	Feeding and management of animals under draught, flood and other natural calamities; Management of zoo/lab animals. Standards of potable water and its supply for livestock and poultry; Importance of sanitation at livestock farm and disposal/use of livestock waste; Herd health management of cattle and buffalo.
9)	.01)	Importance of nutrients in animal health and production; Nutrients and their requirement, metabolism in livestock and poultry; Digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, fat in livestock and poultry; Role of minerals, trace elements and vitamins in livestock and poultry nutrition; Nutritional deficiency and their management;
	.02)	Feed additives, antibiotics, probiotics, growth stimulants in livestock and poultry nutrition; Conventional and non-conventional feeds and fodder and their importance in livestock and poultry; Evaluation of feed as a source of energy; Feeding standards, balanced ration, computing balanced ration for growth, maintenance, breeding and production of livestock and poultry.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Livestock Products Technology, Globalisation and Extension
10)	Composition and nutritive value of milk, meat and poultry egg; Pasteurisation of milk; Preparation of traditional and value added dairy products; Preservation and transportation of milk; meat and poultry products; Pricing of dairy products; Standards of quality control of milk, meat and meat products; Factors affecting the quality of meat and meat products; Identification and differentiation of meat; Role of milk, meat and poultry products in human nutrition.
11)	Abattoir practices; Methods of slaughter and dressing; Utilisation of slaughter house by-products.
12)	International standards for edible animal products for their exports/import; Legal aspect of export and import of animal products.
13)	Extension : Concepts and principles of extension; Different methods of extension education; Evaluation of technology and its transfer to the livestock and poultry entrepreneur; farmers and industry; Communication and skill in Identification of problems of dairy, poultry and meat industry; Development and execution of animal husbandry programme for rural development; Role of NDDB and dairy co-operatives in dairy development; Organisation of livestock show; Calf rally, exhibitions and training programmes in rural and urban area. Involvement of unemployed women, marginal and small farmers in livestock and poultry production. Use of Audio-Visual aids and Information Technology in extension.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : B.V.Sc. & A.H, Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Veterinary, Pharmacology and toxicology, Parasitology and Pathology
1)		.01)		Drugs acting on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, respiratory system, urogential system.
		.02)		Anti-microbial drugs, indigenous drug and their uses. Toxicity caused by metals, non-metals, plants, agrochemicals.
2)		Host, parasite relationship, mode of transmission and dissemination of parasites; Morphology and pathogenesis of helminth parasites, arthopodes, protozoan diseases affecting man, animal and poultry.
3)		.01)		Pathology of cardiovascular, hemopoitic, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal and urogential system. Neoplasm, classification and diagnosis of different tumors.
		.02)		Pathogenesis and pathognomic lesions in important microbial diseases of livestock and poultry; Diagnostic pathology : biopsy, cytology, post mortem and haemato biochemical test for diagnosis of diseases of livestock and poultry; Collection, preservation, dispatch and transportation of biopsy and autopsy material for diagnosis of diseases in livestock and poultry.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Microbiology, Animal Biotechnology and Veterinary Public Health
4)		Morphology, classification, cultivation, identification of microbes; Sources and transmission of infections; Sterilization and disinfections.
5)		Types of microbial diseases; Immune system and immunity - antigens, antibodies, serological tests, immunisation and immuno-prophylaxis; Hypersensitivity.
6)		Bacterial diseases : anthrax, hemorrhagic septicemia, black quarter, enterotoxaemia, mastitis, tuberculosis, brucellosis, Jonne's disease, leptospirosis, coli-infections
7)		Fungal diseases : Dermatomycosis, mycotoxicosis.
8)		Viral diseases : Pox infections, Bovine rhinotrachities, Foot and mouth disease, PPR, Blue tongue, Rabies, canine distemper, Raniket disease, Infectious bursal disease, Marek's disease, Infectious bronchitis, Bird influenza.
9)		Various animal bio-technological techniques and their applications in Veterinary and Animal Sciences viz. Recombinant DNA technology; Cloning; Transgenic animals; Embryo transfer technology; In-vitro fertilization; Application of polymerase chain reaction; Hybridoma technique and monoclonal antibodies; Cell culture technique and their applications.
10)		Milk hygiene and public health, clean milk production, quality control of milk and milk products.
11)		Meat inspection, Differentiation of meat of food animals, food/ water borne disease and food intoxication.
12)		Zoonosis, prevention and control of zoonotic diseases.
13)		Environmental pollutants, Disposal of sewage, Effect of environmental pollutants on animal and human health.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
Methods of Clinical Examinations
14)	.01)		Concept of animal and diseases; Clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of hyperthermia, hypothermia, fever, septicaemia, toxemia, dehydration and shock. Diseases of digestive respiratory, cardiovascular, urogenital, nervous and musculo-skeletal system and sensory organs.
	.02)		Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of metabolic diseases of cattle and buffalo; Clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and control of deficiency diseases caused due to iron, cobalt, zinc, calcium and phosphorous.
	.03)		Clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic diseases of cattle, sheep, goat, dogs and poultry. Clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and control of teat and udder affections in cattle and buffalo.
	.04)		Objectives and application of epidemiology and preventive medicine. Laws regulating animal diseases. Principles and concept of general epidemiology.
	.05)		Legal duties of veterinarian, common offences against animals and laws related to these offences. Legal point and examination of living and dead animals in criminal cases, cruelty to animals; Legal aspects of soundness, injuries and postmortem examination of animals. State and Central Government acts relating to animals. Code of conduct and ethics of veterinarians, Regulations of Indian Veterinary Council Act, 1984; Animal Insurance.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction
15)		Principles of surgery, Pre and post operative considerations ; Care and management of wound, abscess, tumour, cyst, hernia, necrosis, gangrene, burn, frost bite, shock, dislocation and affections of joints; Surgical affections of head, neck, thorax, abdomen, genital organs and their treatment in livestock; Diseases of limbs and their treatment in bovine, caprine and equines ; Physiotherapy.
16)		Anesthesia and management of local, regional, general and balanced anesthesia in domestic and wild animals; Preanesthetic medication and management of anesthetic emergencies; X-ray, ultrasonography and their application in diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
17)		Puberty and sexual maturity in animals; Role of hormones in reproduction; Detection of heat; Oestrus synchronisation, artificial insemination, super ovulation; Diagnosis of pregnancy.
18)		Diseases and accidents of gestation; Fertility, infertility, sterility, repeat breeding in animal reproduction; Herd health reproductive programme; Parturition and it's management; Dystocia and its treatment; Semen Collection; Evaluation and preservation of liquid and frozen semen.

Back

Mechanical Engineering

(Subject Code : 406)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree in Mechanical Engineering.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Materials and Their Behaviour
1)	Fundamentals : Force, moment, couple, resultant of forces, Equilibrium of forces, friction and friction angle, columb friction, rolling friction and belt friction, frictional torque in pivot and Collar bearings, M.I., Work and energy
2)	Strength of Materials : Normal and Shear stresses, Stress-strain diagram, thermal stresses, shear force and bending moment diagrams, bending stresses in solid, hollow and built up sections, deflection of beams, shear stress distribution, strain energy, torsion of bars, shafts and helical springs, Deflection of beam under different conditions, impact load.
3)	Theory of Machines : Kinematic link, pair, chain, Mechanism and structure, degrees of freedom, Cams, Gear trains, fluctuation of speed and energy in flywheel, Gyroscope, Balancing of rigid rotor, Single and multi-cylinder engines and V-engines, belts and chain drives, Hydrodynamic bearing.
4)	Engineering Materials : Crystalline structure of metals and alloys, defects in crystalline materials, Iron-Carbon equilibrium diagram, plain carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron and types, Brass and Bronze, Aluminum, lead, Tin, Zinc- their properties and applications, Plastic deformation, bearing materials, plastics, ceramics, composite materials, Heat treatment of steels.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Machine Design
5)	Design of Elements : Theories of failure, factor of safety, combined stresses. Pressure vessels, struts and columns. Design of Screw and bolt, power screw, Design of Shafts and springs, keys, couplings.
6)	Design of Gears : (Spur, helical, bevel and worm), Design of clutches and brakes, fatigue consideration in design.
7)	System Design : Design of mechanical systems, specification of components, Design of system including material handling systems, power plants, refrigeration and air conditioning systems, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, etc.
8)	Dynamics of machines : Inertia force analysis, law of gearing, interference and minimum number of teeth, Longitudinal - transverse and torsional vibration, free-forced vibration, critical and whirling speed of shaft, vibration isolation.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
Manufacturing Science and Processes
9)	Manufacturing Science : Theory of metal cutting, Merchant's force analysis, Tool materials, Taylor's tool life equation, Machinability, economics, cutting fluids, Chip removal, Calculation of cutting force on single point cutting tools, twist drills, milling cutter, broaches, reamers, Jigs and fixtures. Recent machining methods - EDM, ECM, PAM, Ultrasonic and Laser, etc.
10)	Manufacturing Processes : Casting, moulding- Types, equipments and defects, hot and cold working of metals - blanking, shearing, punching, piercing, coining, embossing, drawing, spinning and forging, Metal joining processes- welding, soldering, brazing, High energy rate forming, electroplating, surface finishing processes.
11)	Manufacturing Management : Production planning and control, forecasting - Moving average, moving range, exponential smoothening, scheduling, assembly line balancing, Inventory Control - ABC analysis, EOQ models, Statistical quality control and TQM, TPM. Elements of cost, job costing, process costing, estimation of machining time.
12)	Operation Research : Linear programming - Graphical and simplex methods, transportation and assignment models, game theory, queuing models, CPM and PERT, Replacement models, value analysis.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
CAD / CAM
13)	CAD : Overview and benefits of CAD, primitives, 2D / 3D animation, Bazier curves and splines, Wire-frame modeling, surface and solid modeling, kinematic analysis of open and closed loop mechanisms, stiffness matrix, finite element analysis, optimum design, constrained optimization - Penalty function method, computer aided optimum design of gears, bearing sand shafts.
14)	Product Development : Design materials, human factors in design, applied ergonomics, product development processes, customer needs, product specifications, concept generation and selection, product architecture, product design methods - function analysis, objective trees, QFD, morphological chart method, weighted objective method, value engineering method. Design for manufacturing, legal issues in product design, economics.
15)	Machine Tool Design : Kinematics of machine Tools, structural and ray diagrams for speed, stepped and step less regulation of speed, static and dynamic rigidity of machine tools, Vibration of machine tools, chatter, Slide ways and guide ways.
16)	CAM : Types of automation, Steps in NC manufacturing, manual and NC part programming, APT, Machining centres, FMS, Computer Aided Process Planning, CMM, CIMS & its components, Robotics.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree in Mechanical Engineering.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer
1)	Thermodynamics :
	.01)	Fundamentals- Work, Heat, Zeroth law, First law- application to thermodynamic system components, efficiency, Second law (theoretical treatment only)- quality of energy, increase of entropy, availability and irreversibility, applications, Third law.
	.02)	Ideal gas, real gases, compressibility factor, Joule - Thomson Coefficient. Gas power cycles- Air standard work output and efficiency, mean effective pressure, indicated power, brake power.
	.03)	Vapour Power Cycles- Carnot and Rankine, Reheating and regenerative feed heating, Binary vapour cycle, Thermal efficiency and work ratio.
2)	Heat and mass transfer :
	.01)	Various modes of heat transfer, Fourier's, Newton's and Stefan Boltzman's law, combined modes, overall heat transfer coefficient. Conduction-Thermal conductivity, factors influencing, measurement, general differential equation, steady state, linear heat flow through a plain and composite wall, tube and sphere, conduction with heat sources, heat transfer from rods, fins of uniform cross section.
	.02)	Convection- Forced and Natural, Heat Exchangers-Types, performance, analysis restricted to parallel and counter flow exchangers. Thermal Radiation- Black and non black bodies, Kirchoff's law, grey body radiation exchange, Mass transfer- mass and mole concentration.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Fluid Mechanics and Machinery, Pneumatics and Hydraulics, Power Plant Engineering, Energy Engineering
3)	Fluid Mechanics : Fluid and flow-definition and types, properties of ideal and real fluids, Continuum concept, Lagrangian and Eulerian approach. Fluid statics, Kinematics and Dynamics of fluid, flow in pipes, Laminar flow of viscous fluids, Turbulent flow, Dimensional analysis, Compressible fluid flow.
4)	Fluid Machinery : Introduction-Classification, energy transfer between fluid and rotor, flow through machines, ideal and actual slip. Hydraulic turbines, pumps, compressors and blowers.
5)	Pneumatics and Hydraulics : Production of compressed air, Pneumatic control-Components and Systems, electro Pneumatic logic circuits, Pneumatic counters, Typical applications, Circuits, Sensors.
6)	Power Plant Engineering : Sources of energy, variable load problem, power plant economics and selection. Steam power plant- boilers, general layout, different systems, turbine auxiliary systems, heat balance and efficiency. Gas turbine power plant - regeneration, reheating, cogeneration, auxiliary systems, operation, Nuclear Power Plants - basic components, power stations. Hydro electric power plant - site selection, arrangement, operation. Electrical systems and instrumentation.
7)	Energy Engineering : Energy conservation methods, audit. Solar energy - collectors, area calculations, Solar Systems - power plants, driers, cookers, refrigeration systems. Wind energy - rotors, system design, site selection. Biogas plants - Types, plant performance, Cogeneration Plants, Geothermal Plants. Direct Energy Conversion - Fuel Cells, Thermoelectric, Thermionic and MHD systems, Govt. policies and programmes for energy and environment conservation.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
I.C. Engines, Automobile Engineering, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
8)	I.C. Engines :
	.01)		Fuel air cycles, real cycles, volumetric efficiency and thermal efficiency, S.I. Engines - carburetion, combustion, combustion chambers, C.I. Engines - fuel injection, combustion, combustion chambers. Detonation - Knock rating of fuels, parameters. Emission Control Systems. Supercharging - effect of altitude on power output, types of superchargers.
	.02)		Cooling, lubrication and ignition systems, testing of I.C. engines. Compressors - centrifugal and axial, performance. Gas turbines - Ideal cycles, intercooling, regeneration, reheating. Jet propulsion.
9)	Automobile Engineering : Testing of automobiles, resistances to motion, power requirement for propulsion, Automobile engines, frames, transmission systems, drive line and rear axle, wheels and tyres, steering systems, suspension systems, brakes, starter motors, emission norms.
10)	Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Refrigeration and heating systems, vapour compression and vapor absorption refrigeration systems, refrigeration equipments, psychrometrics, solar radiation, estimating requirements, ducting systems, automotive air conditioning.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Measurement and Metrology, Numerical Analysis and Computer Programming, Numerical Control of Machine Tools, Automatic Control.
11)	Mechanical Measurement :
	.01)	Measuring instruments, generalised measuring systems, static and dynamic performance characteristics of devices, calibration, error - sources and analysis. Sensors and Tranducers, Measurement of - displacement, angular velocity, pressure, strain, force and torque, temperature, flow, vibration and noise. Data acquisition systems.
	.02)	Metrology : Standards of linear measurement, Limits and Fits, Limit gauges, Measurement of geometric forms, Interferometry, Comparators, Measurement of screw threads and gears, surface texture.
12)	Numerical Analysis and Computer Programming : Approximations and round of errors, truncation errors and Taylor series, determination of roots of polynomials and transcendental equations, Programming using C and C++ languages for - Solutions of linear simultaneous algebraic equations, curve fitting, Backward, forward and Central Difference relations, Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations.
13)	Numerical Control of Machine Tools : Components, open and closed loop control, actuation and feedback systems, Point to Point, linear and contouring systems, Tooling for NC systems, Computer numerical control, Direct and distributed numerical control, adaptive control.
14)	Automatic Control : Components of automation - actuators, sensors, vision systems, controllers, Logic control and PLCs, Factory communication, Mathematical models, transfer function, Block diagrams, proportional controls, derivative and integral control, steady state and transient response analysis, different inputs, root locus, frequency response methods, speed control systems.

Back

Botany

(Subject Code : 601)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
1) Algae :
	.01)	Occurrence, distribution and classification of algae.
	.02)	Thallus organization in algae.
	.03)	Origin and evolution of sex in algae.
	.04)	Types of life cycles in algae.
	.05)	Important features and life history of Chlorophyceae - Volvox, Oedogonium, Coleochaete, Xanthophyceae – Vaucheria, Phaeophyceae - Ectocarpus, Sargassum, Rhodophyceae – Batrachospermum.
	.06)	Economic importance of algae.
2) Fungi :
	.01)	General characters, classification, reproduction and economic importance of fungi.
	.02)	Important features of Mastigomycotina, Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina and Deuteromycotina and Life histories of Pythium, Mucor, Saccharomyces, Puccinia, Colletotrichum.
	.03)	General account of lichens.
	.04)	Mushroom cultivation.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
3) Bryophytes and Pteridophytes :
	.01)	Structure, classification, reproduction and alternation of generations in bryophytes and pteridophytes.
	.02)	General characters of Hepaticopsida (e.g. Marchantia), Anthocerotopsida (e.g. Anthoceros) and Bryopsida (e.g. Funaria).
	.03)	General account of pteridophytes with reference to structure of sporophyte, sori, sporangia and gametophytes.
	.04)	Alternation of generations in pteridophytes.
	.05)	Important characteristics of Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida and Pteropsida.
4) Microbiology and Plant Pathology :
	.01)	Viruses, bacteria and plasmids - structure and reproduction.
	.02)	General account of infection and phytoimmunology.
	.03)	Applications of microbiology in agriculture, industry and medicine.
	.04)	Role of microbes in controlling pollution of air, soil and water.
	.05)	Important plant diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas, fungi and nematodes and their control measures.
	.06)	Molecular basis of infection and disease resistance/defence mechanisms.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
5) Gymnosperms :
	.01)	General features of gymnosperms.
	.02)	Classification, diversity and evolution of gymnosperms.
	.03)	Salient features of living Cycadales, Coniferales and Gnetales, their structure and reproduction.
6) Angiosperms :
	.01)	A general account of the origin and evolution of angiosperms. Major contributions of cytology, phytochemistry and taximetrics to taxonomy.
	.02)	Comparative account of various systems of classification and the details of the systems proposed by Bentham and Hooker and Engler and Prantl.
	.03)	Study of angiospermic families - Magnoliaceae, Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Apiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Verbenaceae, Solanaceae, Rubiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Arecaceae, Liliaceae, Musaceae, Orchidaceae, Dipterocarpaceae.
	.04)	Stomata and their types, anomalous secondary growth, anatomy of C3 and C4 plants.
	.05)	Development of male and female gametophytes.
	.06)	Pollination, fertilization, endosperm, its development and function.
	.07)	Patterns of embryo development.
	.08)	Polyembryony and apomixis.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
7) Palaeobotany :
	.01)	Carbon dating and applications of palaeobotany in oil and coal exploration
	.02)	General account of Cycadofilicales, Bennettitales and Cordaitales.
8) Plant Utility and Exploitation :
	.01)	Origin of cultivated plants, Vavilov’s centres of origin.
	.02)	Plants as sources of food, fodder, fibers, drugs, beverages, narcotics, insecticides, timber, resins, dyes and gums.
	.03)	Latex, cellulose, starch and their products.
	.04)	Importance of Ethnobotany in Indian context.
	.05)	Energy plantation, Petrocrops and biofuels.
	.06)	Botanical Gardens and Herbaria.
	.07)	The structure of plant based industries in Maharashtra; the present scenario and future prospects.

Back

Paper – II

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
1) Cell Biology I :
	.01)	Techniques of Cell Biology. Ultrastructural details of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
	.02)	Structure and function of extracellular matrix (Cell wall) and membranes, cell adhesion, membrane transport and vesicular transport.
	.03)	Structure and functions of cell organelles (Chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, ribosomes, endosomes, lysosomes and peroxisomes.)
2) Cell Biology II :
	.01)	Ultrastructure and functions of nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear pore complex, nucleosome and chromatin.
	.02)	Cell signalling and cell receptors. Signal transduction (G-1 proteins etc.). Mitosis and meiosis, molecular basis of cell cycle.
	.03)	Numerical and structural variations in chromosomes and their significance. Study of polytene, lampbrush and B-chromosomes, their structure, behaviour and significance.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
3) Genetics :
	.01)	Development of genetics, gene versus allele concepts (Pseudoalleles). Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
	.02)	Quantitative genetics and multiple factors. Linkage and crossing over, methods of gene mapping including molecular maps (idea of mapping function).
	.03)	Sex chromosomes and sexlinked inheritance, sex determination and molecular basis of sex differentiation.
	.04)	Mutation(biochemical and molecular basis).Cytoplasmic inheritance and cytoplasmic genes.
4) Molecular biology and Evolution :
	.01)	Structure and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins.
	.02)	Genetic code and regulation of gene expression. Multigene families.
	.03)	Organic evolution - evidences, mechanism and theories.Role of RNA in origin and evolution.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
5) Plant Breeding :
	.01)	Methods of plant breeding - Introduction, selection, hybridization (pedigree, backcross, mass selection, bulk method), polyploidy and induced mutations.
	.02)	Male sterility and heterosis breeding.
	.03)	Use of apomixis in plant breeding.
6) Biotechnology :
	.01)	Plant tissue culture – Micropropagation, production of haploids, somatic hybrids and cybrids, embryo rescue and somaclonal variation and their applications.
	.02)	Genetic Engineering - Gene identification, isolation and cloning. Methods of gene transfer and transgenic crops. Development and use of molecular markers in plant breeding. Varietal characterization, varietal testing and seed release. Structure of seed industry in Maharashtra and IPR.
7) Biostatistics :
	Standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV). Test of significance (Z-test, t-test, Chi-square test). Probability and distributions (normal, binomial and Poisson distributions). Correlation, regression and ANOVA.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
8) Physiology and Biochemistry :
	.01)	Water relations, mineral nutrition, ion transport and mineral deficiencies.
	.02)	Photosynthesis – photochemical reactions, photophosphorylation, carbon pathways, photorespiration and CAM pathways.
	.03)	Respiration (anaerobic and aerobic), electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.
	.04)	Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen metabolism.
	.05)	Enzymes, co-enzymes, energy transfer and energy conservation.
	.06)	Importance of secondary metabolites, pigments as photoreceptors (plastidal pigments and phytochromes).
	.07)	Photoperiodism and flowering, vernalization, senescence. Growth substances - their chemical nature, role and application in Agrihorticulture, growth indices, growth movements.
	.08)	Stress physiology (heat, water, salinity, metal). Fruit and seed physiology, dormancy, storage and germination of seed.
	.09)	Fruit ripening - its molecular basis and manipulation.
9) Ecology, Plant Geography and Computer Applications :
	.01)	Ecological factors, concepts and dynamics of community, plant succession.
	.02)	Concept of biosphere. Ecosystems and their conservation.
	.03)	Pollution and its control (including phytoremediation), ecotoxicology.
	.04)	Forestry in India - afforestation, deforestation, social forestry and wasteland development.
	.05)	Endangered plants, endemism and Red Data Book. Biodiversity assessment and conservation.
	.06)	Sovereign Rights and Intellectual Property Rights.
	.07)	Global warming : Causes, impacts and preventive measures.
	.08)	Computer Applications : Computer operation, DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, Networking, Collection of course material and generation of data base. Genomic information. Biostatistical analysis of data. Use of EXCEL, Power Point operation. Archiving and updating.

Back

Medical Sciences

(Subject Code : 701)

Paper - I

Standard : MBBS Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	HUMAN ANATOMY :
	.01)	General Anatomy - Bone, Joints, Muscles, Cartilage, integument & Skin, Appendages, fascia, Blood Vessels, lymphatics, Neurology.
	.02)	Regional Anatomy - a) Upper limb : Joints, arteries, veins, lymphatics, bones, muscles and nerves of Upper limb with applied anatomy. Mammary gland, axilla, cubital fossa brachial plexus. b) Lower limb : Joints, arteries, veins, lymphatics, bones, muscles and nerves of Lower limb with applied, anatomy femoral triangle; adductor canal, popliteal fossa, sole, arches of foot, gluteal region. c) Abdomen and thorax : Joints, arteries, veins, lymphatics, bones, muscles and nerves , Anterior abdominal wall, quadrants, peritoneum, Anatomy of thoracic and pelvic diaphragm with its applied, anatomy Thoracic wall, thoracic inlet, outlet, intercostal space, mediastinum, pleura. pericardium and heart. d) Head - face and neck : triangles of neck, oral and Nasal Cavity, Salivary glands, face, scalp, larynx, pharynx, orbit, eyeball,ear,spinal cord, CSF, meninges and Brain.
2)	Histology :
	.01)	General Histology - cell, cell organelles-nucleus chromatin. Epithelial- Cilia; Microvilli; Stereocilia; Glands, Connective tissue. Bone - Cartilage. Neurons and Neuroglia, Blood vessels, Lymphoid tissue.
	.02)	Systemic histology - skin and its appendages, lip, tongue; tooth, salivary glands; G.I. Tract with glands, Respiratory system, Urinary system, Male and Female reproductive system, Endocrine glands, nerves system, Cornea; Sclerocorneal junction; Lens; Retina;Optic nerve. Cochlea.
3)	Embryology :
	.01)	General embryology - Gametogenesis: reproductive cycles, Fertilisation, Contraception, Sex determination, “Sex-ratio”, Cleavages, Implantation and development of embryo, Foetal membranes, Allantois, Derivatives of germ layers, Decidua; Umbilical cord; Foetomaternal circulation.
	.02)	Systemic Embryology - Development of Cardio-vascular system, Respiratory system, Gastrointestinal system with related glands, Unriary system, Male and Female reproductive system. Skin and appendages. Pharyngeal arches, Development of face, palate, endocrine glands. Spinal Cord and Brain, Forebrain, Midbrain and Hindbrain, Peripheral Nervous System. - Eye and Ear.
4)	GENETICS : Mendelism, Eugenics, Sex chromatin, Population genetics Cytogenetics, Cell cycle, Molecular genetics Gene, Genetic code, DNA, RNA. Inheritance : Pedigree charts. Mutation, Polymorphism, Lyon’s hypothesis; teratogenesis. Chromosomal abnormalities, Prenatal diagnosis. Karyotype and genetic counselling. Clinical genetics.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
5)	HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY :
	.01)	General physiology and hematology - Homeostasis, Biofeedback mechanisms. Cell Physiology, Blood : Plasma proteins, anaemia, polycythemia. Haemopoiesis, Immunity : Blood groups, Hemostasis and Anticoagulants, Body fluid compartments, Blood volume. Bone marrow, Haemoglobinopathies, haemorrhagic diseases.
	.02)	Respiratory physiology and Cardiovascular physiology - Physiology of respiratory system, Mechanics of respiration, dead space, Diffusion of Gases, Transport of oxygen and carbondioxide, Control of Breathing, Hypoxia, Artificial respiration, Pulmonary function tests. Properties of cardiac muscle heart, pacemaker, ECG ,Cardiac cycle. Haemodynamics, cardiac output, Blood pressure, Capillary circulation, tissue fluid, lymphatic system, Regional circulation.
	.03)	Renal physiology, Body temperature regulation - kidney, Renal circulation, Concept of clearance, Formation of urine, acid-base balance. Physiology of micturition, Artificial kidney, dialysis, Regulation of body temperature.
	.04)	Alimentary system and nutrition - Motility of GIT and GIT hormones Digestion & absorption, concept of balanced diet, caloric requirements, nutrients.
	.05)	Reproductive physiology and endocrine system - Hypothalamus, pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal and medullary hormones, Male and Female reproductive system, Sex chromosomes, Barr bodies, sex determination, sex differentiation, pregnancy, Lactation, Contraception.
	.06)	Central nervous system and special senses - Action potential, Muscle contraction, skeletal muscle, motor units, E.M.G. synapse, neurotransmitters .receptors, tone posture, sensations. Reflexes, Tracts, UMN & LMN, Spinal cord, Medulla oblongata, Pons, midbrain. Thalamic or Decorticate animal, Posture & Equilibrium, vestibular apparatus, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Reticular formation, sleep wakeful cycle, E.E.G., Cerebellum, Basal Ganglia, Cerebral Cortex, speech, Memory and Learning, reward and punishment, Autonomic nervous system, CSF, blood brain barrier. Eye, optics, Photochemistry of vision, Accommodation, Errors of refraction, Colour vision, Visual pathway, Physics of sound, Audiometry, Auditory pathway, Sense of smell and taste.
6)	HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY :
	.01)	Chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. enzymes, vitamins, nutrition, genetic code, protein biosynthesis.
	.02)	Metabolism of carbohydrate, proteins, lipids, purines and pyrimidines and related disorder.
	.03)	Hormones, mineral and hemoglobin metabolism, porphyria, jaunidce, liver function tests, kidney function tests and thyroid function tests.
	.04)	Detoxification mechanism, genetic engineering, recombinanat technology and its application. Radioisotopes- uses and hazards. Biochemistry of Cancer.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
7)	PATHOLOGY :
	.01)	General pathology : Causes of diseases. Cell injury. Necrosis & gangrene. Inflammation. Regeneration and repair. Oedema. Shock. Thrombosis. Embolism and Infarction. Haemorrhage. Mineral metabolism. Genetic disorders. Hypersensitivity reactions. Autoimmune diseases. AIDS. Typhoid fever. Syphilis, Tuberculosis. Leprosy. Fungal diseases. Malaria. Neoplasia.
	.02)	Haematology - Hemopoiesis. anaemias. haemoglobinopathies. haemorrhagic disorders. Leukaemias. Paraproteinemia. Blood groups. Blood Transfusion.
	.03)	Systemic pathology - Atherosclerosis. Ischaemic, Congenital & Rheumatic heart diseases. Cardiomyopathies. Pneumonias. Lung Abscess and Bronchiectasis. Emphysema. Occupational lung diseases. Tumours of lung and pleura. Lesions of oral cavity and salivary glands. Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. Ulcers of Intestines. Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel disease. Tumours of upper GIT and lower GIT. Viral Hepatitis. Alcoholic liver disease. Cirrhosis. Tumours of liver, Pancreas and gall bladder. Diabetes mellitus. nephritis & GN. Nephrotic syndrome. Renal failure. Tumours of kidney, Pelvis, testis, Prostate, Cervix, Uterus, Ovary, trophoblastic tissue, skin, soft tissue, bone, cartilage and joints. Non-neoplastic and Neo-plastic lesions of the breast, lymph nodes and Spleen. Lymphoma. lesions of bone and joints. Inflammatory and neoplastic conditions of CNS. Lesions of Thyroid. Myopathies. Clinical pathology: of jaundice. renal function tests. diabetes mellitus. autopsy.
8)	MICROBIOLOGY :
	.01)	General Microbiology : Bacterial cell and its organelles. Dark ground illumination, phase contrast and fluorescent microscopy, electron microscopy. Physiology of bacteria. Culture media. Sterilization, disinfection, asepsis, antiseptics. Ubiquity of bacteria. chemical agents, Universal safety precautions. Bio medical Waste disposal. Bacterial genetics and drug resistance R factor, action of antimicrobials, drug resistance and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Host parasite relationship. Commensal, pathogenic and opportunistic organisms. Microbial factors : Types of infection, Normal flora. Identification of bacteria. Diagnosis of infectious diseases. Principles of laboratory diagnosis. Collection, transport, processing of specimens.
	.02)	Immunology : immunity, HLA, MHC, Antibodies, immuno-Globulins, Serological reactions, antigen- antibody interaction. B & T lyphoaytes, cell activation, antigen processing and presentation, immune response, monoclonal antibodies, antibody production, CMI, immune tolerance. Complement. Hypersensitivity. Autoimmunity. Transplantation & tumour immunology. transplants, transplant rejection, IR to tumours, tumour antigens, Immuno-Deficiency diseases.
	.03)	Systemic bacteriology : infectious agents, clinical features, complications, virulance factor, Immunological response, Specimen selection, Collection, Transport, Selection of media, Pathogenicity testing, Anti microbial drug susceptibility testing- Culture and isolation, Viability, Virulence, Diseases, Antigens, - Pathogenesis, Immune response of- Staphylococci, Streptococci, Pneumococci, Neisseria, C.diptheriae, M.Tuberculosis, Atypical mycobacteria, M.leprae, Bacillus, Methods of anaerobiosis. Non sporing anaerobes. Clostridium welchii, cltetani, Cl.botulinum, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella, Vibrio & Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Other GNB, Newer bacteria, Spirochete, Actinomycosis & Nocardia, Rickettsia, Chlamydia & Mycoplasma, Bacteriology of air, water, milk and food.
	.04)	Mycology : fungi, sporulation and classification, identification, Infections produced, Lab Diagnosis, Agents of Superficial mycoses, Subcutaneous mycoses, Mycetoma, Rhinosporidiosis, Systemic mycoses, Opportunistic fungal infections, Candida, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Mucor, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis jiroceci.
	.05)	Virology : General properties and classification of viruses, pathogenesis, bacteriophages, Viral immunity, interferon, viral vaccines, Pox viruses. DNA viruses, Papova, Adeno, Herpes viruses, Respiratory viruses, Orthomyxo and Paramyxoviruses, Picornaviruses, Polio, Coxsackie, Enteroviruses, Viruses causing diarrhoea – Rota viruses, Polioviruses (polio), Hepatitis viruses, Arboviruses, Dengue, KFD, Japanese encephalitis, Rhabdoviruses, Rabies, Slow and Oncogenic viruses. Retroviruses, HIV/AIDS, Immunity, Universal Safety Precautions/ Standard Work Precautions .
	.06)	Parasitology : geographical distribution, Habitat, Morphology. Life cycle, Pathogenesis, Laboratory diagnosis, Treatment, Control, Immunoprophylaxis. epidemiology of E. histolytica, Amoebic infections, flagellates, Free living amoebae, PAME, Giardia & Trichomonas. Hemoflagellates, L. donovani, Malaria, Malarial parasites, protozoa, Toxoplasma, Cestodes, Taenia saginata & solium, Echinococcus granulosus, Trematodes, Schistosomiasis, Intestinal Nematodes, A.duodenale, A. lumbricoides, E. vermicularis, T. tritura, Tissue Nematodes, W. bancrofti, D. medinensis, in brief T. spiralis and emerging parasitic infections.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
9)	PHARMACOLOGY :
	.01)	Introduction : General Pharmacology, nature and sources of drugs; pharmacology, rational pharmacotherapy, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,Adverse Drug Reactions.
	.02)	Cardiovascular system haematinics and haematopoietic factors : drugs affecting coagulation, antihypertensive therapy; Management of hypertension, angina. Calcium channel blockers. Anticoagulants & Coagulants. Thrombolytics & Antiplatelet Agents. Drugs for CCF. Antiarrhythmic Agents. management of shock. Hypolipidaemic drugs. iron deficiency anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia; Management of anaemia.
	.03)	Autonomic pharmacology: Adrenergic agonists & antagonists, Beta- blockers. Cholinergic agonists. Anticholinesterases. Antimuscarinic drugs. neuropsychiatric pharmacology:inflammaton, pain & substance abuse. sedative-hypnotics. psychopharmacology: Antianxiety;Antipsychotics;Antidepressants.Antiepileptics. Neurodegenerative disorders : Anti - Parkinsonian agents ; cerebral vasodilators / nootropics. Local anaesthetics. Analgesics : Opioids; NSAIDs. Pharmacotherapy of pain of rheumatoid arthritis and gout. Substance abuse : Management of opioid, alcohol and tobacco addictions.
	.04)	Chemotherapy : Antimicrobial agents : Sulphonamides & Cotrimoxazole. Quinoline derivatives. Penicillins, Cephalosporins & Other b Lactams. Aminoglycosides. Macrolides. Tetracyclines & Chloramphenicol. Pharmacotherapy of UTI. Antimicrobial use. Antimycobacterial therapy : Anti-leprotic agents. Antiprotozoal agents. Antiamoebic, Antimalarials and Anti Kala azar. malaria. Antihelminthics. Antifungal agents. Antiviral agents. STD s. cancer chemotherapy.
	.05)	Endocrinology : Steroids. Progestins & antagonists. Oral contraceptives & profertility agents. Testosterone & anabolic steroids. Fertility control. Thyroxine and antithyroid agents. Diabetes Mellitus.
	.06)	Miscellaneous : Agents used in gastro intestinal disorders: Periopretive Management : Preanaesthetic medication, antiseptics, Local Anaesthetics, Skeletal muscle relaxants. Drugs used in post-operative period: analgesics, antiemetics. Autocoids, Antiallergics, Antihistaminics, bronchial asthma, cough, Drugs acting on immune system: Immunostimulants, immunosuppressants; vaccines & sera. Drugs acting on the uterus. Drug Interactions. Drug use at extremes of age, in pregnancy & in organ dysfunction. Use of chelating agents in heavy metal poisonings; Environmental & occupational toxicants. Ocular pharmacology. Dermatopharmacology.
10)	FORENSIC MEDICINE AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE INCLUDING TOXICOLOGY :
	.01)	Personal identity : Identification of Living and Dead. Age estimation. Sex determination. establishing identity: Corpus Delicti, Dactylography, Tattoo marks, Scars. DNA fingerprinting. blood and blood stains. Collection, Preservation and Dispatch of Specimen for Blood and other ancillary material.
	.02)	Mechanical injuries and burns: classification of injuries: Abrasions, Contusions, Lacerations, Incised and Stab injury, Firearm and Explosion injury, Fabricated and Defence injury, hurt, simple and grievous hurts, Ante-mortem, Postmortem Wounds, Age of the injury, Causative Weapon. Suicidal, Accidental and Homicidal injuries. Head injury, cut throat injuries and Road traffic accident injuries. Thermal injuries: Injuries due to heat and cold, Injuries due to Electricity, Lightening.
	.03)	Medico-legal aspects of sex, marriage, death and infant death: sexual offences and perversions : Rape, Adultery, Incest, Sodomy, Bestiality Buccal coitus, Lesbianism, perversions. Impotence, Sterility, Virginity, Pregnancy, Delivery, Paternity, Legitimacy, Artificial Insemination, Abortions, Medical Termination of pregnancy. foetal sex determination. Infant death (Infanticide) Autopsy features. Determination of age of Foetus and Infant. Signs of live-born, stillborn and dead born child. Signs of death. Changes after death, Estimation of time since death. Death Certification, Presumption of death and survivorship. The Human organ transplantation Act. Sudden unexpected death, deaths from starvation, cold and heat. death from Asphyxia, Hanging, Strangulation, Suffocation and Drowning.
	.04)	Forensic psychiatry:Definition of common terms,Civil and Criminal responsibility.Examination,Certification,restraint and admission to Mental Hospital. Mental Health Act.
	.05)	Poisons: General considerations and Laws in relation to poisons viz. Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances Act, Schedules H and L drugs, Duties and responsibilities of attending physician. poisons and their classification, Addiction and Habit forming drugs, drug dependence, postmortem examination in poisonings. Corrosive: Non-metallic, Metallic Poisons, Plant Poisons: Snakes bites, Food poisoning. Alcohol, Barbiturates. Carbon Monoxide, Hydrocyanic acid, and Cyanides. Organo-Phosphorus Compounds, Organo-Chloro Compounds, Carbamates (Carbaryl) and Rodenticides (Phosphides). Collection, Preservation and forwarding of evidence, remains of poison, body discharges and viscera etc. to Forensic Science Laboratory.
	.06)	Miscellaneous: forensic science laboratory: The Indian Medical Council Act. State Medical Council. Rights and obligations of Registered Medical Practitioners and patient, Duties of physicians and patients, Euthanasia. Infamous conduct, Professional secrecy and privileged communications. Medical Negligence and contributory negligence. Consumer Protection Act. Consent, Fitness certificate, maintenance of medical records and problems in relation to AIDS. Inquest, type of offences. Types of Criminal courts and their powers, punishments prescribed by law, kinds of witnesses and Evidence, Dying declaration and Dying deposition. subpoena, conduct money.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : MBBS Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Medicine :
	.01)			Infectious Diseases: Host Modes of Infection, transmission, Incubation period, Types, Immunization defenses, & Prevention. Viral Management including Tetanus/ Diphtheria, hepatitis, Malaria, Rabies, Typhoid fever, Gastroenteritis, Dengue, HIV Infection & AIDS.
	.02)			Cardiology : Cardiac arrest. C.C.F.Rheumatic Fever, Various Valvular lesions, Infective endocarditis, Coronary artery disease, Pericardial diseases and cardiomyopathy, Hypertension.
	.03)			Gastroenterology: Peptic ulcers, gastritis, Small and large intestine Dysphagia, diseases, Ulcerative colitis , Hepatitis, Cirrhosis of liver, Gall bladder diseases, Pancreatitis,
	.04)			Respiratory system: Pulmonary Function Testing, Pneumonias, bronchitis and emphysema, Bronchiectasis and lung abscess,Bronchial asthma, pneumothorax, Pleural effusion, Occupational lung diseases, Tuberculosis,
	.05)			Neurology: Cerebro Vascular Space Occupying Lesions, Encephalitis and meningitis, Epilepsy Disease, Cerebellar syndrome, Parkinsonism,, Peripheral neuropathy, Spinal cord disorders, C.S.F.
	.06)			Hematology: Agranulocytosis, Hemopoiesis, Anemias, Hemoglobinopathies, Leukemias, LymphomasBleeding Disorders, Blood groups & Blood Transfusion & Component Therapy.
	.07)			Endocrinology: Thyriod, Adrenal, Para thyroid Hormones, Diabetes Mellitus, metabolic syndrome.
	.08)			Nephrology: Glomerulonephropathy, Infections of urinary system, Nephrotic syndrome, Renal failure, Dialysis.
	.09)			Nutrition: Balanced diet, Protein energy malnutrition, Vitamin deficiency Obesity/Asthenia, Basics of genetics and Gene state, Therapy.
	.10)			Immunology: ABC of immunology,T & B cell mediated illnesses, Immuno deficiency, Auto-antibody. Collagen Vascular disease, osteoporosis, Atherosclerosis.
2)	Paediatrics :
	Normal Growth & Development. Breast feeding and lactation management. Immunization, Mile Stones. Neonatal Respiratory Distress, Jaundice in newborn, Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and its management, Acute diarrhea; Hypothyroidism in children, Congestive heart failure - Congenital heart disease. Rheumatic heart disease, Hypertension in children, Acute respiratory infections, Bronchial asthma, Nephrotic syndrome, Acute glomerulonephritis and hematuria, Chronic liver disease, Haemolytic anaemia including thalassemia, Leukaemias. Bleeding and coagulation disorders. Seizuredisorders. Cerebral Palsy Common exanthematous illness. Childhood tuberculosis, Behaviourdisorders, Meningitis, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus. HIV infection, Malaria & Enteric fever.
3)	Dermatology :
	Common skin diseases, psoriasis, Hansen's disease, fungal dermatitis, scabies, eczema, vitiligo, Steven Johnsons's syndrome. Allergic Disorders; Leprosy, STD, HIV & Skin, Drug reactions.
4)	Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases :
	Clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis; Anti-tuberculous drugs, DOTS, Prophylaxis - Drugs / BCG / Tuberculin Multi Drug Resistant tuberculosis, HIV test. & Pleural Effusion, TB, Extra - Pulmonary tuberculosis, Respiratory infections, pneumonias, Bronchiectasis & lung Abscess; Bronchial Asthma. Pleural Diseases, Occupational Lung Disease.
5)	Psychiatry :
	Common Psychiatric disorders, Schizophrenia, Alcohol and substance abuse, Psychotherapies.ECT, Newer drug
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
6)	General Surgery :
	.01)		General Principles : Wound healing and management, scars : Hypertrophic scar and keloid; First aid management of severely injured. Boils, cellulitis, abscess, necrotising fascitis. Tetanus and Gas gangrene, Mechanism and management of missile, blast and gun shot injuries. Surgical aspects of diabetes mellitus. Bites and stings Organ transplantation - Basic principles.
	.02)		Skin disorders : Common Cysts and Tumors, Sinus and fistulae. Burns and its management.
	.03)		Vascular disorders : Arterial obstruction, types of gangrene; Burger’s disease, Vascular injuries. Varicose veins deep venous thrombosis, thrombophlebitis. lymphangitis, lymphedema.
	.04)		Head and Neck : Head injury, coma, cerebral compression. Cleft lip and palate; carcinoma lip and tongue, Branchial cyst; cystic hygroma. Cervical lymphadenitis. Thyroid goitre, thyrotoxicosis and malignancy, Hyperparathyroidism. Adrenal hypo and Hyperfunctions.
	.05)		Breast : Acute mastitis, breast abscess; gynaecomastia; fibro-adenomas. Cancer breast.
	.06)		Thorax and Abdomen : Recognition and treatment of pneumothorax, haemothorax, pulmonary embolism, flail chest; Stove in chest; pyothorax; cancer lung. Dysphagia, Cancer oesophagus; Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and management of peptic ulcer, cancer stomach; Amoebic liver abscess, hydatid cyst and portal hypertension. Splenomegaly, splenic injury. cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; obstructive jaundice; Carcinoma of gall bladder, choledochal cyst. Acute and Chronic pancreatitis.
	.07)		Small and Large intestine : Intestinal amoebiasis, Ulcerative colitis, Intestinal obstruction Acute abdomen, Acute and chronic appendicitis, Carcinoma rectum. Fissure haemorrhoids.
	.08)		Hernias : Clinical features, diagnosis, complications and principles of management of : Umbilical, Inguinal, epigastric and femoral hernia.
	.09)		Genito-urinary System : Renal mass, congenital anomalies of kidney & Ureter, Haematuria, anuria and acute retention of urine. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Phimosis, paraphimosis, Urethral stricture, Hydrocoele, hematocoele, pyocoele, varicocele.
7)	Orthopedics :
	.01)		Definition and Classification of Fracture and Dislocation, Signs, symptoms and diagnosis of sprain, contusion, fracture and dislocation. First aid measures in Poly-trauma patient.
	.02)		Fracture neck & shaft humerus, Colles fracture, Dislocation of shoulder and elbow, Fracture of Pelvis with complications. Fracture Neck femur, Fracture shaft femur, Meniscus and ligaments injury at knee. Fracture Tibia-fibula, Dislocation of Hip.
	.03)		Congenital Talipes Equino virus (CTEV), Congenital dislocation of hip (CDH), Osteogenesis Imperfecta, spina Bifida and Amputation and Disarticulation – Indications Torticollis. Rheumatoid arthritis. Back ache, Frozen shoulder, Tennis methods and complications. Elbow.
8)	Anaesthesiology :
	Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - basic and advanced, including use of simple ventilators. Anatomy of upper airway, sites of respiratory obstruction and management of airway in an unconscious patient. Various methods of oxygen therapy and its indications. Infiltration anaesthesia, digital block, ankle block, pudendal and para-cervical blocks. Management of complications of regional anaesthesia. The principles of administration of general anaesthesia.
9)	Radiology :
	Basics of X-ray, Radiological changes in diseases of Chest, Abdomen, Skeletal system, Gastro-intestinal system, Genito-urinary System & CNS,, Imaging techniques like nuclear medicine, computerised tomography (CT), Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), conventional & Digital subtraction Angiography (DSA). Intravenous Urography (IVP),Hysterosalpingography (HSG).
10)	Ophthalmology :
	Conjunctivitis, Pterigium, Corneal Ulcers, Corneal Opacities. Keratoplasty. Episcleritis. Scleritis Staphyloma, Uveitis, endophthalmitis, Panophthalmitis. Cataract: Classification & surgical management, Phacoemulsification, Small incision Cataract surgery, IOL Implants. Glaucoma- types, diagnosis and treatment. Diabetic retinopathy, Retinal Detachment. Retinitis Pigmentosa, Optic Atrophy. Refractive Errors. Refractive surgery, LASIK. Contact lenses . Diseases of Lids & Lacrimal System, Colour Blindness, Blindness : Definition Causes & Magnitude, N.P.C.B. Eye Banking. Vit. A. Deficiency.
11)	Ear, Nose and Throat (E.N.T.) :
	.01)		Throat : Diseases of buccal cavity & pharynx, Tonsils and adenoids, Stridor, tracheostomy, Laryngitis, Laryngeal paralysis.
	.02)		Nose and para-nasal sinuses : Diseases of external nose, Epistaxis, Diseases of nasal septum, Rhinitis, Nasal polyps, nasal allergy, Sinusitis and its complications.
	.03)		Ear : Congenital diseases of exterior ear & middle ear, Acute/chronic supp. otitis media, Mastoid/middle ear surgery, Facial paralysis, Tinnitus /ototoxicity Deafness/hearing aids/rehabilitation.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
12)	OBSTETRICS :
	.01)		Development of genital tract, Physiology of menstruation, Puberty and menopause. Physiology of ovulation / conception / implantation. Early development of human embryo. Structure, function and anomalies of placenta. Antenatal care, nutrition in pregnancy, detection of high-risk pregnancy. Normal labour. Breast-feeding. Examination and care of newborn. Contraception - Introduction and basic principles, Maternal mortality and morbidity, perinatal mortality and morbidity. National health programme - safe-motherhood, reproductive and child health, social obstetrics.
	.02)		Obstetric & Newborn : Complications in early pregnancy, Obstetrical complications during pregnancy. APH - Accidental hemorrhage. Placenta praevia. Poly hydramnios / oligohydramnios, multifetal pregnancy. Common Medical disorders in pregnancy. PIH and Eclampsia, Diabetes, jaundice. Infections in pregnancy, sexually transmitted, HIV and pregnancy. Fibroid with pregnancy, ovarian tumours, acute abdomen, genital prolapse. High risk pregnancy, pre-term labour, Induction of labour. Abnormal position & presentation of labour, Obstructed labour, uterine rupture. Third stage complications - Retained placenta, PPH, Shock. Drugs used in obstetric, Operative procedures in Obstetrics : Caesarean Section, Instrumental Vaginal Delivery.
13)	GYNAECOLOGY :
	.01)		Amenorrhoea, Dysmenorrhea, Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, DUB.
	.02)		Puberty and its disorders, Adolescent Gynaecological problems. Menopause & HRT.
	.03)		Infections of genital tract, Leucorrhoea, Pruritus vulvae, Vaginitis, Cervicitis, Genital TB, Sexually transmitted infections including HIV infection.
	.04)		Benign & Malignant tumours of the genital tract. Leiomyoma, carcinoma cervix, carcinoma endometrium, chorio carcinoma, ovarian tumors. Benign & Malignant Lesions of Vulva, Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy in Gynaecology. Genital Prolapse, Genital Tract displacement,
14)	FAMILY PLANNING :
	Family Planning, Demography and population Dynamics. Contraception - Temporary methods Permanent methods. MTP Act and procedures of MTP in first & second trimester.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Preventive and Social Medicine (PSM)
15)	Community Medicine :
	.01)	Evolution of Community Medicine. Definition, spectrum of health and factors affecting, indicators of health. Health Problem of World, Urban and Rural Indian Health. Demography, Demographic cycle, Population trends, World and India. Family welfare and Population control. Medical ethics and Doctor patient relationship Consumer Protection Act. Sociology and Social factors affecting health, Economics and health, Health Education and Communication. Nutrition and Health. Constituents of food, Diet planning and allowancence Nutritional diseases. Toxins in the food., Assessment of Nutritional status. Body Mass Index (B.M.I.).
	.02)	Environmental Health : Water in relation to health and disease. Air pollution and ecological balance. Housing and health. Effects of radiation on human health. Effects of Noise on human health. Meteorological environment. Solid & Liquid waste disposal. Disposal of hospital waste.
	.03)	Community development programmes and multisectoral development. Comprehensive medical care and Primary health care. National Health Epidemiology, Non communicable Maternal and Child Health care. Policy. Problems of adolescence including Drug Occupational health. diseases. dependence. Geriatrics.
	.04)	Vital statistics : Management sources and uses, Census, Fertility statistics. Mental health. information system.
	.05)	Genetics in public health. Health planning and management.
	.06)	International health and Voluntary Health Agencies. Setting of model for preventing habits like Smoking, Tobacco Chewing, Substance abuse.
	.07)	Disaster Planning and Management. Broad aspects of Famine and its Hazards
16)	Epidemiology:
	.01)	The concepts of disease. Natural history of disease. Epidemiological triad. Dynamics of diseases transmission .Concept of disease control.
	.02)	Air borne infections, exanthematous fevers, Diphtheria and Pertussis, Poliomyelitis, Hepatitis. Enteric Tuberculosis. Osteoporosis Indian perspective, Soil transmitted Fever and Cholera, Bacillary and Amoebic dysentery, Rabies and other Viral Zoonotic disease, Tetanus Helminths, Filariasis. Malaria Leprosy, Arthropod borne viral diseases.
	.03)	AIDS, S.A.R.S Sexually transmitted diseases and their control. .Cancer Prevention policies for men and women. Epidemiology of Geiaratric Health Problems

Back

Chemistry

(Subject Code : 602)

Paper - I

Inorganic Chemistry (Sections A,B,C)and Physical Chemistry (Section D)

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understandings, appropriate numbers of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Atomic Structure : Idea of De Broglie matter waves, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. atomic orbitals, Schrodinger wave equation, significance of Ψ₁ & Ψ₂, quantum numbers, radial and angular wave functions and probability distribution curves, shapes of s, p, d orbitals. Aufbau and Pauli exclusion principles, Hund’s multiplicity rule. Electronic configurations of the elements, effective nuclear charge.
2) Chemical Bonding :
	.01)	Covalent Bond - Valence bond theory and its limitations, directional characteristics of covalent bond, various types of hybridizations and shapes of simple inorganic molecules and ions. Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory related to NH₃, H₃O⁺, SF₄, ClF₃, ICl₂ and H₂O. MO theory and its applications to homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules, (CO and NO). Bond strength and bond energy, ionic character from dipole moment and electronegativity difference.
	.02)	Ionic Solids: lonic structures, radius ratio effect and coordination number, limitation of radius ratio rule, lattice defects, semiconductors, lattice energy and Born-Haber cycle, solvation energy and solubility of ionic solids, polarizing power and polarisability of ions, Fajan’s rule. Metallic bond- free electron, valence bond and band theories.
	.03)	Weak Interactions - Hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals forces.
3)	s-Block Elements : Comparative study, diagonal relationships, salient features of hydrides, solvation and complexation tendencies including their function in biosystems and introduction to alky and aryl compounds.
4)	p-Block Elements :
	.01)	Comparative study diagonal relationships, compounds like hydrides, oxides and halides of elements with atomic number 13 to 17.
	.02)	Structure and bonding of Diborane, Silicates and tetrasulphar tetra-nitride.
	.03)	Basic properties of halogens, interhelogens and polyhalides.
5)	Chemistry of Elements of First, Second and Third Transition Series : General Characteristics, comparative treatment with their 3d-analogues in respect of ionic radii, oxidation states, magnetic behaviours, spectral properties and stereochemistry.
6)	Coordination Compounds : Werner’s coordination theory and its experimental verification, effective atomic number concept, chelates, nomenclature of coordination compounds, isomerism in coordination compounds, valence bond theory of transition metal complexes.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
7)	Metal-ligand Bonding in Transition Metal Complexes : Limitations of valence bond theory, an elementary idea of crystal-field theory, crystal field splitting in octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar complexes, factors affecting the crystal-field parameters.
8)	Magnetic Properties of Transition Metal Complexes : Types of magnetic behaviour, methods of determining magnetic susceptibility, spin-only formula. L-S coupling, correlation of µ_s and µ_eff values, orbital contribution to magnetic moments, application of magnetic moment data for 3d-metal complexes.
9)	Electron Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes : Types of electronic transitions, selection rules for d-d transitions, spectroscopic ground states, spectrochemical series. Orgel-energy level diagram for d₁ and d₉ states, discussion of the electronic spectrum of [Ti(H₂O)₆]³ complex ion.
10)	Chemistry of Lanthanide Elements : Electronic structure, oxidation states and ionic radii and lanthanide contraction, complex formation, occurrence and isolation, lanthanide compounds.
11)	Chemistry of Actinides : General features and chemistry of actinides, chemistry of separation of Np, Pu and Am from U.Similarities between the later actinides and the later lanthanides.
12)	Organometallic Chemistry : A brief account of metal-ethylenic complexes and homogeneous hydrogenation, mononuclear and polynuclear carbonyls and the nature of bonding in metal carbonyls.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
13)	Bioinorganic Chemistry : Essential and trace elements in biological processes, metalloporphyrins with special reference to haemoglobin and myoglobin. Biological role of alkali (Na/K) ions with special reference to Ca²⁺and nitrogen fixation.
14)	Acids and Bases : Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, the Lux-Flood, solvent system and Lewis concepts of acids and bases.
15)	Non-aqueous Solvents : Physical properties of a solvent, types of solvents and their general characteristics, reactions in non-aqueous solvents with reference to liquid NH₃ and liquid SO₂.
16)	Gaseous States : Postulates of kinetic theory of gases, deviation from ideal behaviour, Van der Waals equations of state, relationship between critical constant and Van der Waals constant, the law of corresponding states and reduced equation state. Molecular velocities : Root mean square, average and most probable velocities. Qualitative discussion of the Maxwell’s distribution of molecular velocities, collision number, mean free path and collision diameter. Liquifaction of gases based on Joule-Thomson effect.
17)	Liquid State : Intermolecular forces, structure of liquids (a qualitative description). Structural differences between solids, liquids and gases. Liquid crystals : Difference between liquid crystal, solid and liquid. Classification, structure of nematic and cholestric phases. Thermography and seven segment cell.
18)	Solid State : Definition of space lattice, unit cell, Laws of crystallography, Law of constancy of interfacial angles, Law of rationality of indices. a) Law of symmetry. Symmetry elements in crystals and X-ray diffraction by crystals. Derivation of Bragg’s equation. Determination of crystal structure of NaCl, KCl, and CsCl by Laue’s and powder methods.
19)	Colloidal State : Colloids: Definition, classification and applications. Solids in liquids (sols) : properties: kinetic, optical and electrical. Stability of colloids, protective action, Hardy-Schulze law and gold number. Liquids in liquids (emulsions): Types of emulsions, preparation, Emulsifier, General applications of emulsions. Liquids in solids (gels) : classification, preparation, properties and general applications of gels. Micelles : classification, structures and importance.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
20)	Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis : Chemical Kinetics and its scope, rate of a reaction, factors influencing the rate of reaction - concentration, temperature, pressure, solvent, light and catalyst. Concentration dependence of rates, mathematical characteristics of simple chemical reactions - Zero order, first order, second order, pseudo order, half life and mean life. Determination of the order of reaction – differential, integration, method of half life period and isolation methods. Radioactive decay as a first order phenomenon.
21)	Thermodynamics : First Law of Thermodynamics : statement, definition of internal energy and enthalpy. Heat capacity, heat capacities at constant volume and pressure and their relationship. Joule’s law, Joule - Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature. Thermochemistry : Bond dissociation energy and its calculations from thermo-chemical data, temperature dependence of enthalpy. Kirchhoff’s equation. Second Law of thermodynamics : need for the law, different statements of the law. Carnot cycle and its efficiency. Carnot theorem. Thermodynamic scale of temperature. Concept of entropy : entropy as a state function, entropy as a function of V & T, and of P & T, entropy change, Clausius inequality, entropy as a criteria of spontaneity and equilibrium. Entropy change in ideal gases and mixing of gases. Third law of thermodynamics : Nernst heat theorem, statement and concept of residual entropy, evaluation of absolute entropy from heat capacity data. Gibbs and Helmnoltz functions; Gibbs function (G) and Helmholtz function (A) as thermodynamic quantities, A & G as criteria for thermodynamic equilibrium and spontaneity, their advantage over entropy change.Variation of G and A with P, V and T.
22)	Chemical Equilibrium : Equilibrium constant and free energy. Thermodynamic derivation of law of mass action. Le Chatelier’s principle. Reaction isotherm and reaction isochore - Clapeyron equation and Clausius - Clapeyron equation and their applications.
23)	Phase Equilibrium : Statement and meaning of the terms - phase, component and degree of freedom. Derivation of Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibrium (phase diagram) of one component system - water and Carbon dioxide.
24)	Environmental Safety and Waste disposal : Air, water, soil and noise pollutions, Industrial toxins organic and inorganic treatment.

Back

Paper - II

Organic Chemistry (Sections A,B,C) and Physical Chemistry (Section D)

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyze, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Structure, Bonding and Reaction Mechanism : Hybridizations, bond lengths bond angles, bond energy, resonance, hyperconjugation, inductive field effects and hydrogen bonding, Green account of Reactive intermediates – carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, arynes and nitrynes (with examples). Methods of determination of reaction mechanism : product analysis, testing and trapping of intermediates, isotopc effects, kinetic and stereochemical studies.
2)	Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds : Optical isomerism : elements of symmetry, chiral and achiral molecules with two stereogenic centres, diastereoisomers, threo and erythro diastereoisomers, meso compounds, resolution of enantiomers, inversion, retention and racemization, R & S systems of nomenclature. Geometrical isomerism : determination of configuration of geometric isomers. E & Z system of nomenclature, geometric isomerism in oximes and alicyclic compounds. Conformations of cyclohexane and mono substituted cyclohexane derivatives. Baeyer’s strain theory.
3)	Absorption Spectroscopy - Theory, principle and applications :
	.01)	Ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy - Absorption laws (Beer-Lambert law), types of electronic transitions, effect of conjugation. Concept of chromophore and auxochrome. Bathochromic, hypsochromic, hyperchromic and hypochromic shifts. UV spectra of conjugated enes and enones.
	.02)	(1) Infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy - Molecular vibrations, Hooke’s law, selection rules, intensity and position of IR bands, finger print regulation characteristic absorpotions of various functional groups and interpretation of IR spectra of simple organic compounds.
	.03)	Rotational Spectrum : Diatomic molecules. Energy levels of a rigid rotor (semi-classical principles), selection rules, spectral intensity, distribution using population distribution (Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution) determination of bond length, qualitative description of non-rigid rotor, isotopic effect.
	.04)	Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy : Proton magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy, nuclear shielding and deshielding, chemical shift, spin-spin splitting and coupling constants, areas of signals, interpretation of PMR spectra of simple organic molecules such as ethyl bromide, ethanol, acetaldehyde, 1,1,2-tribromoethane, ethyl acetate, toluene and acetophenone. (Problems pertaining to the structure elucidation of simple organic compounds using UV, IR and PMR spectroscopic data.)
4)	Alkenes, Dienes and Alkynes :
	.01)	Methods of formation, mechanisms of dehydration of alcohols and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides, regioselectivity in alcohol dehydration. The Saytzev and Hoffmann rules, of elimination reactions and relative stabilities of alkenes. Chemical reactions of alkenes: mechanisms involved in hydrogenation, electrophilic and free radical additions, Markownikov rule, hydroboration, oxidation, oxymercuration-reduction, epoxidation, ozonolysis, hydration, hydroxylation and oxidation with KM_nO₄. Polymerization of alkenes, substitution at the allylic and vinylic positions of alkenes. Industrial applications of ethylene and propane.
	.02)	Nomenclature and classification of dienes : Chemical reactions - 1, 2 and 1, 4 additions, Diels-Alder reaction. Alkynes: methods of formation. Chemical reactions of alkynes, acidity of alkynes. Mechanism of electrophilic and nucleophilic additions, hydroboration and oxidation, metal-ammonia reduction and polymerization.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
5)	Arenes and Aromaticity : Aromaticity : the Huckel rule, aromatic ions. Aromatic electrophilic substitutions: Mechanism of nitration, halogenation, sulphonation, mercuration and Friedel - Crafts reaction. Energy profile diagrams. Activating and deactivating substituents, orientation and ortho/para ratio, Birch reduction
6)	Alcohols and Phenols : Chemical reactions of vicinal glycols : Oxidative cleavage [Pb(OAC)₄ and HIO₄] and Pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement. Reactions of phenols: electrophilic aromatic substitutions. Mechanism of Fries rearrangement, Claisen rearrangement, Gatteman synthesis, Hauben-Hoesch reaction and Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
7)	Aldehydes and Ketones : Reactions of aldehycdes and ketones : Mechanism of nucleophilic additions to carbonyl group with particular emphasis on benzoin, Aldol, Perkin and Knoevenagel reactions. Condensation with ammonia and its derivatives. Witting and Mannich reaction. Use of acetals as protecting group. Oxidation of aldehydes, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones, Cannizzaro reaction. Meerwein Ponndorf Verley (MPV), Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, LiAIH₄, and NaBH₄ reductions. Halogenation of enolizable ketones.
8)	Carboxylic Acids : Preparation and reactions of carboxylic acids. Hell-Volhard- Zelinsky reaction. Synthesis of acid chlorides, esters and amides. Mechanism of reduction, decarboxylation, esterification and hydrolysis of carboxylic acids.
9)	Organic Compounds of Nitrogen : Amine salts as phase-transfer catalysts. Preparation of alkyl and aryl amines (reduction of nitro compounds nitriles), reductive amination of aldehyde and keto compounds. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis of amines, Hoffmann bromamide reaction, reactions of amines with nitrous acid. Synthetic transformations of aryl diazonium salt, azo coupling.
10)	Organosulphur and Heterocyclic Compounds containing nitrogen atom : Methods of formation and chemical reactions of thiols, thioethers, sulphonic acids, sulphonamides and sulphaguanidine. Preparation and reactions of pyridine indole, quinoline and isoquinoline with special reference to Fisher indole synthesis. Skraup synthesis and Bischler-Napieralski synthesis. Mechanism of electrophilic substitution reactions of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
11)	Organic Synthesis via Enolates : Alkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate. Synthesis of ethyl acetoacetate : the Claisen condensation. Alkylation of 1,3-dithianes. Alkylation and acylation of enamines.
12)	Carbohydrates : Configuration of monosaccharides. Determination of ring size of monosaccharides. Cyclic structure of D(+) glucose. An introduction to disaccharides (maltose, sucrose and lactose) and polysaccharides (starch and cellulose) without structure determination.
13)	Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins and Nucleic Acids : Classification of proteins, structure determination, end group analysis, selective hydrolysis of peptides. Classical peptide synthesis, solid-phase peptide synthesis. Structures of peptides and proteins. Nucleic acids : Introduction, Constituents of nucleic acids, ribonucleosides and ribronucleotides. The double helical structure of DNA.
14)	Synthetic Polymers : Addition polymerization: Free radical vinyl, ionic vinyl and Ziegler-Natta polymerization. Condensation polymerization. Polyesters, polyamides, phenol formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins and polyurethanes. Natural and synthetic rubbers.
15)	Synthetic Dyes : Colour and constitution (electronic concept). Classification of dyes. Chemistry and synthesis of Methyl orange red, Malachite green, Crystal violet, Phenolphthalein, Fluorescein, Alizarin and Indigo.
16)	Green Chemistry : Introduction, concept of atom economy, hazard reductin, importance of solvent, role of catalysts, biological alternatives. Applications of Green Chemistry.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
17)	Electrochemistry :
	.01)	Migration of ions and Kohlrausch law,Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation and its limitations,weak and strong electrolytes,Ostwald’s dilution law its uses and limitations.Debye-Huckel-Onsager equation for strong electrolytes(elementary treatment only). Applications of conductivity measurements : determination of degree of dissociation, determination of k_a of acids, determination of solubility product of a sparingly soluble salt, conductometric titrations. Types of reversible electrodes: gas-metal ion, metal-metal ion, metal-insoluble salt-anion and redox electrodes. Electrode reactions, Nernst equation, derivation of cell E.M.F. and single electrode potential, standard hydrogen and reference electrodes, electrode potential, electrochemical series and its significance.
	.02)	Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, reversible and irreversible cells, conventional representation of electrochemical cells. EMF of a cell and its measurement. Computation of cell EMF.Calculation of thermodynamic quantities of cell reactions (∆G, ∆H and K_eq), Decomposition potential and over voltage. Definition of pH and pKa, determination of pH using hydrogen, quinhydrone and glass electrodes by potentiometric methods. Buffers: mechanism of buffer action, Henderson-Hazel equation. Hydrolysis of salts. Corrosion: types, theories and methods of its prevention. Energy Sources, Alkaline Batteries, Ni-Cd and Li-cells, Fuelcells: H₂/O₂ and ethanol Fuel cells, Solar cells
18)	Elementary Quantum Mechanics : Hamiltonian operator, Schrodinger wave equation and its importance, physical interpretation of the wave function, postulates of quantum mechanics, particle in a one dimesional box. Schrodinger wave equation for H-atom, separation into three equations (without derivation), quantum numbers and their importance.
19)	Photochemistry : Interaction of radiation with matter, difference between thermal and photochemical processes. Laws of photochemistry : Grothus - Draper law, Stark - Einstein law, Jablonski diagram depicting various processes occurring in the excited state, qualitative description of fluorescence, phosphorescence, non-radiative process (internal conversion, intersystem crossing), quantum yield, photosensitized reactions, energy transfer processes (simple examples).
20)	Computers : Basic concepts, use of computers in Chemistry.Computer simulations and Molecular Modelling.

Back

Philosophy

( Subject Code – 215)

Paper - I

Metaphysics, Epistemology and Logic

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidates ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A (Marks : 50)
1)	Epistemology and Metaphysics ( Indian ) :
	.01)	The nature of cognition (ज्ञान), Prama (प्रमा), Definitions and Kinds of Pramana (प्रमाण) according to the nine Schools of Indian Philosophy.
	.02)	Theories concerning the nature and kinds of perception.
	.03)	The nature of Upamana (उपमान ) , Sabda (शब्द), Arthapatti (अर्थात्पत्ति) and Anupalabdhi.(अनुलब्धि)
	.04)	Theories of perceptual error (Khyati / ख्याति ).
	.05)	The classification of Padarthas (पदार्थ) according to Vaisesika (वैशेषिक), Dravyas (द्रव्य) according to Jainism and Tattvas according to Samkhya.
	.06)	Causality : Satkaryavada, Asatkaryavada, Parinamavada (परिणामवाद),Vivartavada (×¾Ö¾ÖŸÖÔ¾ÖÖ¤ü) and Pratityasamutpada (प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद).
	.07)	The nature of Self : The approaches of Carvaka (चार्वाक), Buddhism, Jainism, Vaisesika (वैशेषिकú) and Vedanta (वेदांत).
	.08)	Universals and Particulars: Nyaya-Buddhist (न्याय-बौद्धü) controversy.
Section - B (Marks : 50)
2)	Epistemology and Metaphysics (Western) :
	.01)	Knowledge : Definition and justification of knowledge, Opinion and knowledge, A priori and A posteriori knowledge, Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description, Knowing how and knowing that.
	.02)	Perception: Theories of perception; Naive Realism, Representative Realism Subjective Idealism, Sense-data Theory.
	.03)	Theories of knowledge: Skepticism, Rationalism, Empiricism, Kantian theory.
	.04)	Theories of Truth: Correspondence, Coherence and Pragmatic.
	.05)	Categories, Substance and Quality: Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Locke and Kant.
	.06)	Universals and Particulars: Realism versus Nominalism.
	.07)	Causation: Plato, Aristotle, Hume and Kant.
	.08)	Self: Plato, Descartes, Leibnitz and Hume.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Contemporary trends in Philosophy :
	.01)	Linguistic Analysis : Moore (Defense of common sense, Refutation of Idealism), Russell (Theory of description)
	.02)	Logical Atomism: Russell - Atomic facts, Atomic statements. Logical Constructions and Incomplete symbols.
	.03)	Logical Positivism : Ayer - Verification theory and rejection of metaphysics.
	.04)	Descriptive Metaphysics: Strawson - The concept of person.
	.05)	Existentialism : Kierkegaard and Sartre on Freedom, Responsibility, Transcendence, Nothingness and God.
	.06)	Phenomenology: Husserl - Extension of Cartesian method of doubt; Epoche, Phenomenology as rigorous science.
	.07)	Ordinary Language Philosophy: Later Wittgenstein - Use theory of meaning, Family resemblance, Forms of life; Gilbert Ryle - Systematically misleading expressions.
	.08)	Post-Modernism: The limits of reason; The critique of the Sovereign self.
Section - D (Marks : 50)
4)	Logic :
	.01)	Nature and Scope of Logic: Inductive and Deductive logic; Truth and Validity.
	.02)	Traditional logic: Aristotelian Classification of Categorical propositions, Structure of categorical syllogism, Square of oppositions and the question of existential import.
	.03)	Prepositional Logic : Truth-functions, Truth-table technique, Shorter Truth table technique.
	.04)	Direct, Indirect and conditional proof.
	.05)	Quantificational Logic: Singular and singly general propositions. Rules of quantification.
	.06)	The Nyaya (न्याय) theory of Anumana (अनुमान):The nature of Sad-hetu (सद्‍हेतु), Vyapti (व्याप्ति), Paramarsa (परामर्श), Five Avayavas (अवयव).
	.07)	The problem of Induction; The knowledge of Vyapti (व्याप्ति), The Carvaka (चार्वाक) skepticism.
	.08)	The Nyaya (न्याय) theory of Hetvabhasas (हेत्वाभास).

Back

Paper - II

Morality, Society and Religion

Standard : Degree.	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’ûs ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A (Marks : 50)
1)	Moral Philosophy (Indian and Western) :
	.01)	Dharma (धर्म ) - its meaning, definitions, classification, Vidhi (विधि), Nisedha (निषेध) and Arthavada (अर्थवादü).
	.02)	Moral implications of the concepts of Rta (‍ऋत), Rna (ऋण ) and Purusartha (पुरुषार्थ ).
	.03)	The four noble truths (Ariya sacca / अरिय सच्च ), and the eight fold path (Magga / मग्ग)
	.04)	The Anuvratas (अणुव्रत ), the Mahavratas (महाव्रत) and Triratna (त्रिरत्न ).
	.05)	Teleological ethics - Hedonism, Utilitarianism.
	.06)	Deontological ethics - Kant and Niskama Karma (निष्काम कर्म).
	.07)	Law of Karma (कर्म); Determinism and free will
	.08)	Meta ethics - Naturalism, Intuitionism, Emotivism and Prescriptivism.
Section - B (Marks : 50)
2)	.01)	Professional and Business ethics : (a) Principles of business ethics and practical morality. (b) Code of conduct for legal profession and for politicians.
	.02)	Environmental ethics : (a) Anthropocentrism, Biocentrism and Animal Rights. (b) Ethics of genetic engineering.
	.03)	a) Moral Responsibility towards nature : b) Preservation and Conservation of nature. c) Sustainable Development.
	.04)	a) Bio-medical ethics : b) Principles of medical ethics: Beneficence, Autonomy and Justice. c) Human experimentation and Organ transplantation.
	.05)	Principle of Sanctity of Life
	.06)	Abortion, Euthanasia and Sallekhana.
	.07)	Code of conduct for Mass media in a secular democracy like India.
	.08)	The portrayal of women in the main stream mass media: Facts and Norms.
Section - C (Marks : 50)
3)	Socio - Political Philosophy :
	.01)	Marxism and its critique, Radical Humanism of M.N.Roy.
	.02)	Gandhian philosophy of Ahimsa / अहिंसा (non violence), Satyagraha (सत्याग्रह) and Trusteeship.
	.03)	Sarvodaya (सर्वोदय) and Bhudana (भूदान) as developed by Vinoba Bhave.
	.04)	Gender discrimination, gender justice and women rights - views of Mahatma Jotiba Phule and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar on these issues.
	.05)	Political ideals of Liberty, equality and Justice.
	.06)	The nature of Indian democracy with reference to Indian Constitution.
	.07)	Varna and Caste System: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’ûs critique of traditional Indian Society.
	.08)	Tradition, modernity and change with reference to social institutions in India -Marriage, family and education.
Section - D (Marks : 50)
4)	Philosophy of Religion :
	.01)	Conceptions of God in Hinduism; Christianity and Islam.
	.02)	Proofs for and against the existence of God - Western and Indian.
	.03)	Religious philosophies without God - Buddhism, Jainism, Samkhya (सौख्य) and Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त).
	.04)	Isvara,Jiva and Jagat in philosophies of Ramanuja(रामानुज),Madhva(मध्व) and Vallabha (वल्लभ).
	.05)	Jnana (ज्ञान),Karma(कर्म) and Bhakti(भक्ति)-its importance and relevance in Bhagavata/ भागवत (Varakari/वारकरी) cult of Maharashtra;Karmayoga(कर्मयोग)of Gita Rahasya (गीतारहस्य).
	.06)	The liberal, egalitarian interpretation of Bhakti (भक्ति) movement by Justice M.G.Ranade and its relevance.
	.07)	Inter-religious dialogue, secularism, Sarvadharmasamabhava, fanaticism and Humanism with reference to Religion.
	.08)	Religious language - Cognitivist and Non-cognitivist debate.

Back

Civil Engineering

(Subject Code : 403)

Paper - I

Standard : B.E. Degree in Civil Engineering	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis
1)	.01)	Statics : concurrent, non-concurrent and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force and Varignon’s theorem, free body diagram, conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system. First and second moment of area, mass moment of inertia.
	.02)	Kinematics and Kinetics : kinematics in Cartesian and polar co-ordinates, motion under uniform and non-uniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle: momentum and energy principles, D’Alembert’s principle, collision of elastic bodies, rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion.
2)	.01)	Strength of Materials : simple stress and strain, elastic constants, axially loaded compression members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength, Strain Energy in direct stress, bending & shear. Principal stresses and strains in two dimensions, Mohr’s circle, introduction to theories of elastic failure, thin cylinder- stresses due to internal and external pressure.
	.02)	Torsion and Elastic stability of columns : torsion of shafts, transmission of power, close coiled helical springs. Elastic stability of columns, Euler’s, Rankine’s and secant formulae.
	.03)	Deflection of beams: Mecaulay’s method, Mohr’s moment area method, unit load method.
3)	.01)	Structural Analysis : Castiglianio’s theorems I and II, unit load method of consistent deformation applied to beams and pin jointed trusses. slope-deflection method and moment distribution method applied to indeterminate beams and rigid frames. rolling loads and influences lines, influences lines for shear force and bending moment at a section of beam. criteria for maximum shear force and bending moment in beams traversed by a system of moving loads.
	.02)	Arches : three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches, rib shortening and temperature effects.
	.03)	Matrix methods of analysis : Force method and displacement method of analysis of indeterminate beams and rigid frames, applications limited to two degrees of freedom.
	.04)	Plastic Analysis of beams and frames: Theory of plastic bending, plastic analysis, applications to beams and frames.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Design of Steel, Concrete and Masonry Structures
4)	Structural Steel Design : factors of safety and load factors. welded joints and connections. design of tension and compression member, beams of built up section, welded plate girders, gantry girders, stanchions with battens and lacings, slab and gussetted column bases, detailing of joints.
5)	.01)	Reinforced Concrete Structures : Working stress and limit state method of design – recommendations of I.S. codes, design of one way and two way slabs, stair-case slabs, simple and continuous beams of rectangular, T and L sections. compression members under direct load with or without eccentricity, isolated and combined footings. earthquake considerations and reinforcement detailing, cantilever and counter fort type retaining walls.
	.02)	Water tanks : Design requirements for rectangular and circular tanks resting on ground and elevated reservoirs.
	.03)	Prestressed concrete: methods and systems of prestressing, anchorages, losses in prestressed concrete, analysis and design of sections for flexure based on limit state and working stress methods as per IS Codes.
6)	Design of Masonry Structures :Design of brick masonry, earthquake consideration and codal provisions, serviceability and strength requirements. design of masonry retaining walls.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
Geo Technical Engineering
7)	.01)	Soil properties and soil classification:Types of soil, phase relationships, consistency limits, particle size distribution, classifications of soil, structure and clay mineralogy.
	.02)	Seepage through soils:Capillary water and structural water, effectives stress and pore water pressure, Darcy’s law, factors affecting permeability, determination of permeability, permeability of stratified soil deposits. seepage pressure, quick sand condition,
	.03)	Compressibility and consolidation:Compressibility and consolidation, Terzaghi’s theory of one dimensional consolidation, consolidation test, compaction of soil, field control of compaction. total stress and effective stress parameters, pore pressure coefficients. shear strength of soils, Mohr Coloumb failure theory, shear tests.
	.04)	Earth pressure:Earth pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, Rankine’s theory, Coloumb’s wedge theory, earth pressure on retaining wall, sheet-pile walls, braced excavation.
	.05)	Soil exploration:Subsurface exploration, methods of boring, sampling, penetration test, pressure meter test. laboratory testing of soils, analysis & interpretation of results.
	.06)	Foundations: (i) bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other important theories, net and gross bearing pressure, essential features of foundation, types of foundation, design criteria, choice of type of foundation, stress distribution in soils, Boussinessq’s theory, Newmark’s chart, pressure bulb, contact pressure, applicability of different bearing capacity theories, evaluation of bearing capacity from field tests, allowable bearing capacity, settlement analysis, allowable settlement. methods of improving bearing capacity. (ii) proportioning of footing, isolated and combined footings, rafts, buoyancy rafts, Pile foundation, types of piles, pile capacity, static analysis, design of pile groups, pile load test, settlement of piles, lateral capacity. ground improvement techniques–preloading, sand drains, stone column, grouting, soil stabilisation. load cells.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Construction Technology, Equipment and Management
8)	.01)	Construction Materials : Physical properties of construction materials: stones, bricks and flooring tiles; cement mortars; cement Concrete, use of fly ash & micro silica Properties of freshly mixed and hardened concrete, concrete mix design (IS Code), high strength concrete and light weight concrete. high performance concrete, damp-proofing and water proofing materials, termite proofing, paints, epoxy coatings and resins, materials for low cost housing.
	.02)	Building components and their functions: brick masonry : bonds, jointing, plastering, pointing. types of floors & roofs. ventilators, introduction to repairs and retrofitting in buildings.
	.03)	Functional planning of building: building orientation, circulation, grouping of areas, privacy concept and design of energy efficient building; provisions of National Building Code. building estimates and specifications, cost of works , valuation.
9)	Construction Equipment :Standard and special types of equipment, preventive maintenance and repair, factors affecting selection of equipment, economical life, productivity, operational cost, owning and hiring costs. concrete weigh batcher, mixer, vibrator, batching plant, concrete pumps, power shovel, hoe, bulldozer, dumper, trailer, grader and tractor, roller, pile driving equipment, crane.
10)	.01)	Construction Management : construction planning and scheduling, job layout, bar chart, organization for projects, cost and quality control, supervision. network analysis : CPM, float times, compression of network for cost optimization, up dating, cash flow analysis and resource allocation and levelling.
	.02)	Elements of Engineering Economics : methods of appraisal, present worth, annuity, annual cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. economy of scale and size. choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. project profitability, project financing and private participation like BOT, BOOT etc.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : B.E. Degree in Civil Engineering	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understanding, appropriate number of numerical problems will be asked pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Fluid Mechanics, Open Channel Flow and Hydraulic Machines
1)	.01)	Properties of Fluid and Fluid Statics : Fluid properties and their role in fluid motion, fluid statics including forces acting on plane and curved surfaces, fluids subjected to horizontal and angular acceleration.
	.02)	Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid flow : velocity and acceleration, stream lines, continuity equation, ir-rotational and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions, flow net, methods of drawing flow net, sources and sinks, flow separation, free and forced vortices, impact of jet on plane and curved surfaces.(Static & moving)
	.03)	Equations of Fluid flow and Applications: control volume, continuity, momentum, energy and moment of momentum equations from control volume equation, Navier-Stokes equation, Euler’s equation of motion, pipe flow, sluice gates, weirs, orifice meters and venturi meters, mouth pieces (submerged and free discharge), emptying of tanks.
	.04)	Dimensional Analysis and Similitude: Buckingham’s p-theorem, dimensionless parameters, similitude theory, model laws, undistorted and distorted models.
2)	.01)	Laminar and Turbulent Flow : Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates, flow through tubes. laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sub layer, smooth and rough boundaries, drag and lift.
	.02)	Turbulent flow through pipes : Characteristics of turbulent flow, velocity distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, hydraulic grade line and total energy line, siphons, expansion and contractions in pipes, pipe networks, water hammer in pipes and surge tanks. Moody’s diagram and its applications.
3)	Open channel flow : Uniform and non-uniform flows, momentum and energy correction factors, specific energy and specific force, critical depth, resistance equations and variation of roughness coefficient, rapidly varied flow, flow in contractions, flow at sudden drop, hydraulic jump and its applications, surges and waves, gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles, control section, step method of integration of varied flow equation, moving surges and hydraulic bore.
4)	Hydraulic Machines and Hydropower :
	.01)	Centrifugal pumps: types, characteristics, Net Positive Suction Height (NPSH), specific speed. Pumps in parallel.
	.02)	Reciprocating pumps, air vessels, hydraulic ram, efficiency parameters, rotary and positive displacement pumps, diaphragm and jet pumps.
	.03)	Hydraulic turbines, types, classification, choice of turbines, performance parameters, controls, characteristics, specific speed.
	.04)	Principles of hydropower development. type, layouts and component works. Surge tanks, types and choice. flow duration curves and dependable flow. storage and pond age. pumped storage plants. special features of mini, micro-hydel plants.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering
5)	Hydrology and ground water flow :
	.01)	Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, depression storage, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph, flood frequency analysis, flood estimation, flood routing through a reservoir, channel flow routing.
	.02)	Specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficient of permeability, confined and unconfined aquifers, aquitards, radial flow into a well under confined and unconfined conditions, tube wells, pumping and recuperation tests, ground water potential.
6)	Water Resources Engineering : ground and surface water resource, single and multipurpose projects, storage capacity of reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation, economics of water resources projects.
7)	.01)	Water requirements of crops : Consumptive use, quality of water for irrigation, duty and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies.
	.02)	Canals : Distribution systems for canal irrigation, canal capacity, canal losses, alignment of main and distributory canals, most efficient section, lined canals, their design, regime theory, critical shear stress, bed load, local and suspended load transport, cost analysis of lined and unlined canals, drainage behind lining.
	.03)	Canal structures : Design of cross regulators, head regulators, canal falls, aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets, diversion head works, principles and design of weirs of permeable and impermeable foundation, sediment excluders.
	.04)	Storage works : Types of dams, design principles of rigid gravity and earth dams, stability analysis, foundation treatment, joints and galleries, control of seepage.spillways : spillway types, crest gates, energy dissipation.river training : objectives of river training, methods of river training.
	.05)	Water logging : Causes and control, drainage system design, salinity.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
Surveying and Transportation Engineering
8)	Surveying :
	.01)		common methods of distance and angle measurements, plane table survey, levelling, traverse survey, triangulation survey, corrections, and adjustments, contouring, topographical map.
	.02)		Surveying instruments for above purposes. tacheometry. circular and transition curves. principles of photogrammetry, introduction to GPS and GIS.
9)	Railways : permanent way, sleepers, rail fastenings, ballast, points and crossings, design of turn outs, stations and yards, turntables, signals, and interlocking, level-crossing. construction and maintenance of permanent ways.
10)	.01)	Highway Engineering: principles of highway planning, highway alignments. geometrical design : cross section, camber, super elevation, horizontal and vertical curves vertical curves. design speed and sight distance, classification of roads, flexible pavements, rigid pavements. design concepts of pavements, pavement construction and equipments, evaluation of pavement failure, methods of repairs and strengthening. drainage of roads
	.02)	Traffic Engineering : Forecasting techniques, origin and destination survey, highway capacity. channelised and non channelised intersections, rotary design elements, markings, signs and signals, street lighting; traffic surveys, traffic field studies and their uses, prevention of road accidents.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Environmental Engineering
11)	.01)	Water Supply : Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand for water, impurities of water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis, standards for potable water, water conservation measures and rain water harvesting methods.
	.02)	Intake of water :Pumping and gravity schemes. Water treatment : principles of coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation; slow; rapid, and pressure filters; chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity.
	.03)	Water storage and distribution : Storage and balancing reservoirs : types, location and capacity. Distribution system : layout, hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe fittings, valves including check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis of distribution systems, leak detection, maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their operations, pumping required for water supply systems.
12)	.01)	Sewerage systems : Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage–separate and combined systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes, inlets, junctions, siphon.
	.02)	Sewage characterisation : BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. standards of disposal in normal water course and on land.
	.03)	Sewage treatment : Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tanks, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of waste water.
	.04)	Plumbing in public buildings: Service connection, fixtures, simultaneous flow, design.
	.05)	Solid waste : Collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts, management of municipal waste.
13)	Environmental pollution : Sustainable development. hazardous wastes and disposal. environmental impact assessment for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. air and noise pollution. pollution control acts.

Back

Physics

(Subject Code : 606)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understandings, appropriate numbers of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Classical Mechanics and Properties of Matter
1)	Laws of motion, motion in a uniform field, components of velocity and acceleration in different coordinates systems. Uniformly moving co-ordinate system, non-inertial coordinate system, centripetal acceleration. Motion in a central force field, Kepler laws of motion. Gravitational law and field. Potential due to a spherical body, Gauss and Poisson equation for gravitational self-energy.
2)	System of particles, definition of center of mass, equation of motion, conservation of linear and angular momenta, conservation of energy, single-stage and multistage rockets, elastic and inelastic collisions.
3)	Elasticity, small deformations, Hooke’s law, elastic constants for an isotropic solid, beams supported at both the end, cantilever, torsion of a cylinder, bending moments and shearing forces.
4)	Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler’s equation. Bernaulli’s theorem, viscous fluids, streamline and turbulent flow. Poiseulle’s law. Capillary tube flow, Reynolds’s number, Stoke’s law.
5)	Surface tension and surface energy, molecular interpretation of surface tension. Pressure on a curved liquids surface.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
Special Theory of Relativity, Waves and Acoustics.
6)	Special Theory of Relativity : Michelson-Morley experiment and its implications, Galilean and Lorentz transformations-length contraction,time dilation,addition of velocities,mass-energy relation,limit on velocities by linear forces.
7)	Waves : Simple harmonic motion, damped oscillation, forced oscillation and resonance. Beats. Stationary waves in a string. Phase and group velocities. Waves in liquid and gases, longitudinal and transverse waves.
8)	Acoustics :
	.01)	Noise and Music: Limits of human audibility, intensity and loudness, bel and decibel, principle of a sonar system, sound ranging. Applied acoustics: transducers and their characteristics. Recording and reproduction of sound.
	.02)	Measurements of frequency, waveform, intensity and velocity. The acoustics of halls, reverberation period, Sabine’s formula Noise pollution, its measurements. Ultrasonics- production, detection and applications of ultrasonic waves.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
Optics
9)	Interference:Interference of a light: the principle of superposition, two-slit interference, coherence requirement for the sources, optical path retardations, and lateral shift of fringes. Localized fringes; thin films, Newton’s rings.
10)	Interferometers : Haidinger fringes, Fringes of equal inclination. Interferometer, its application for precision determination of wavelength difference, Twymann-Green interferometer and its uses. Intensity distribution in multiple beam interference, Fabry-Perot interferometer.
11)	Diffraction : Fresnel half-period zones, zone plates, diffraction at straight edge, rectilinear propagation. Fraunhofer diffraction, diffraction at a slit, the intensity distribution, diffraction at a circular aperture and a circular disc, resolution of images, Rayleigh criterion, resolving power of telescope and microscope.
12)	Diffraction gratings : Diffraction at N parallel slits, intensity distribution, plane diffraction grating reflection grating and blazed grating, dispersion and resolving power of a grating, concave grating and different mountings, resolving power of prism.
13)	Polarization : Production and detection of linearly and circularly polarized light, double refraction, in uniaxial crystal, Quarter and half wave plates, rotation of plane of polarization, origin of optical rotation in liquids and in crystals, Sacharimeter.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics, Statistical Physics and Atmospheric Science
14)	Kinetics theory : Kinetics theory of gases, assumptions, kinetic energy estimations RMS speed of molecules, Avogardro hypothesis, equi-partition of energy, Brownian motion, specific heat of gases, Real gasses: Van der Waal’s model, equation of state, nature of Van der Waal’s forces, critical constants, Joule Thomson cooling, liquification of gases.
15)	Thermodynamics : Laws of Thermodynamics, Reversible and irreversible change Carnot cycle & it’s efficiency, Carnot’s theorem, entropy, principle of increase of entropy, Thermodynamic scale of temperature.
16)	Statistical Physics : Maxwell’s distribution, experimental verification. Distinction between rms and most probable speed values, Quantum statistics, Bose Einstein and Fermi Dirac statistics & their applications to liquids helium, free electrons in metals, thermionic emission, photon and blackbody chamber, Bose Einstien condensation.
17)	Atmospheric Science : Neutral atmosphere, temperature variation in different atmospheric layers, ionosphere, magnetosphere, hydrostatic equilibrium, scale height, ozone layer and its depletion, atmospheric pollution, green-house effect.

Back

Paper - II

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	For judging candidates’ conceptual understandings, appropriate numbers of numerical problems will be asked.
	4)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A ( Marks : 50 )
Electricity, Magnetism and Electromagnetics
1)	Electrostatics and Magnetostatics :
	.01)	Laplace and Poisson equations in electrostatics and their applications, energy of a system of charges, multipole expansion of scalar potential, method of images and its applications, potential and field due to a dipole, force and torque on a dipole in an external field.
	.02)	Dielectrics, polarization, solutions to boundary-value problems-conducting and dielectric spheres in a uniform electric field. Magnetic shell, uniformly magnatised sphere, ferromagnetic materials, hysterisis, energy loss.
2)	Current Electricity : Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications, Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law, self and mutual inductances, Mean and rms values in AC circuits, LR CR and LCR circuits series and parallel resonance, Quality factor. Principal of transformer.
3)	Electromagnetic theory : Displacement current and Maxwell’s equations. Wave equations in vacuum, Poynting theorem, Square wave guides, reflection and refraction at the boundary of two dielectrics, Fresnel’s relation, normal and anomalous dispersion, Rayleigh scattering.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
Quantum Mechanics
4)	Origin of the quantum theory :
	.01)	Failure of classical physics to explain the phenomena such as blackbody spectrum, Rayleigh Jeans and Wien’s law, Planck’s radiation law, photoelectric effect. Wave-particle duality.
	.02)	de Broglie’s hypothesis for matter waves; Evidence for diffraction and interference of ‘particles’, experimental demonstration of matter waves, Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation, gamma ray microscope, uncertainty in energy and time.
5)	Schrodinger’s equation :
	.01)	Schrodinger’s time independent and time dependent equation, operators, expectation values, probable current density, reflection and transmission at step potential and at rectangular potential barrier, particle in a box, one dimensional linear harmonic oscillator.
	.02)	Schrodinger’s equation in central force field, Hydrogen atom, quantum numbers, angular momentum.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
Atomic, Molecular Physics, Lasers and Nuclear Physics
6)	Atomic Physics : Bohr’s theory of Hydrogen atom, Hydrogen spectrum, Stern and Gerlach experiment, spectral terms, doublet fine structure, spectra of alkali elements, selection rules, Lamb shift in hydrogen spectrum. Singlet and triplet fine structure in alkaline earth spectra L-S and j-j couplings. Pauli principle, Zeeman effect and Paschen Back effect in one valence electron atoms.
7)	Molecular Physics :Discrete set of electronic energies of molecules, Quantisation of vibrational and rotational energies, types of molecules based on moments of inertia, rigid diatomic molecule, non rigid rotator, Intensity distribution in rotational levels, diatomic molecule as a harmonic and anharmonic oscillator, Rotation-vibration spectra. Born-Oppenhimar approximation, Raman effect, Classical and Quantum mechanical treatments.
8)	Lasers and fibre optics : Monochromoticity, directionality, intensity and coherrence of laser beam, Einstien’s A & B coefficients, Induced emission, Conditions for lasing, Ruby, Helium-Neon laser, CO₂ laser, Applications of laser in medical treatment, isotope separation, LIDAR technique, Optical fibres, attenuation, pulse dispersion in step index and parabolic index fibres.
9)	Nuclear Physics : Basic nuclear properties : size, binding energy, angular momentum, parity, magnetic moment, Semi-empirical mass formula and applications, Mass parabolas, Ground state of a deuteron, Salient features of nuclear forces.
10)	Nuclear Models and elementary particles : Liquid drop model, shell model of the nucleus-success and limitations, Alpha decay, Gieger Nuttal relation, Beta decay, violation of parity, Gamma decay and internal conversion, Nuclear reactions, Q values, compound nucleus model, Nuclear fission and fusion, energy production in stars, Nuclear reactors, Classification of elementary particles.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
Solid State Physics, Solid State devices, Electronics and Space Science
11)	Crystal structure and materials:Crystal structure; periodicity, lattices and bases, fundamental translation vector, unit cell, primitive cell, lattices type, lattice planes, common crystal structures.Laue’s theory of X-ray diffraction, Bragg’s law, Laue patterns, Band structure, electrons in periodic potential; energy bands, energy gap, distinction between metal semiconductor and insulator, Magnetic moment, magnetic susceptibility, Dia, Para and Ferromagnetism, ferromagnetic domains, hysteresis.
12)	Semiconductors : Intrinsic semiconductors, electrons and holes, Fermi level, Temperature dependences of electron and hole concentration, Doping; impurity states, n and p type semiconductors, conductivity, mobility, Hall effect, Hall coefficient, Semiconductors devices: p-n junction, majority and minority carriers, solar cell.
13)	Electronics : Diode as a circuit element, Load line concept, rectification, ripple factor, Zener diode, LED, Shottkey diode, voltage stabilization, characteristics of transistor in CB, CE and CC mode, graphical analysis of the CE configuration, low frequency equivalent circuits, h-parameters, bias stability, IC voltage regulation. Field effect transistor : JFET volt-ampere curve, biasing JFET, ac operation of JFET, source follower, Depletion and enhancement mode, MOSFET, biasing MOSFET, FET as variable voltage register, digital MOSFET circuits, Digital electronics, Boolean identities, De Morgan’s laws, logic gates and truth tables.
14)	Space Science : Near earth orbiting satellites, remote sensing and remote sensing satellites, their application for resource surveys and management. Geostationary satellites, communication, GPS system.

Back

Commerce & Accountancy

(Subject Code : 303)

Paper – I

Accounting & Finance

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Accounting
1)	Financial Accounting :
	.01)	Accounting as a financial information system
	.02)	Accounting Standards in India and international accounting standards (only outlines)
	.03)	Final Accounts.
	.04)	Depreciation accounting, Depreciation policies as per accounting standard.
	.05)	Accounts of non-trading institution.
	.06)	Partnership accounts.
	.07)	Advanced problems of company accounts.
	.08)	Amalgamation] absorption and reconstruction of companies.
	.09)	Valuation of shares and goodwill.
	.10)	Consolidated books of holding company with one subsidiary only.
2)	Cost Accounting :
	.01)	Concept, Nature and Scope of cost accounting.
	.02)	Material, labor and overheads as elements of cost.
	.03)	Job costing and Contract costing
	.04)	Process costing
	.05)	Marginal Costing; including Cost-volume-profit relationship.
	.06)	Cost control and cost reduction
	.07)	Reconciliation of cost and financial accounts.
	.08)	Budgetary control, flexible budgets.
	.09)	Standard costing and variance analysis.
	.10)	Responsibility accounting, investment, profit and cost centres.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Taxation : A) Income Tax :
	.01)	Definitions
	.02)	Basis of charge.
	.03)	Aggregation of income and set off/carry forward of losses.
	.04)	Incomes which do not form part of total income.
	.05)	Tax management - tax planning, tax deduction at sources, advance payment of tax.
	B) Other Taxes :. Introductory concepts - Sales Tax, VAT, State Excise, Customs and Excise Duty, Service Tax
4)	Auditing :
	.01)	Concept, objectives, principles and planning of audit including investigations.
	.02)	Internal check system.
	.03)	Vouching, Valuation and Verification of transactions, assets and liabilities.
	.04)	Audit of limited companies; appointment, removal, powers, duties and liabilities of company auditor.
	.05)	Auditor's report.
	.06)	Special points in the audit of different organisations like clubs, hospitals, colleges, charitable institutes.
	.07)	Social Auditing
	.08)	Audit under computerised environment
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
5)	Business Finance :
	.01)	Finance Function-Nature, Scope and Objectives of Financial Management.
	.02)	Financial Analysis as a diagnostic tool.
	.03)	Management of Working Capital and its Components-Forecasting of working capital, needs, inventory, debtors, cash and credit management.
	.04)	Investment Decisions-Nature and Scope of Capital Budgeting- Capital Budgeting decisions.
	.05)	Consideration of Risk and Uncertainty-Analysis of Non-financial Aspects.
	.06)	Cost of Capital and its measurement.
	.07)	Concepts of Valuation-Valuation of firm's Fixed Income, Securities and Common Stocks.
	.08)	Dividend and Retention Policy-Residual Theory-Dividend Policy- Other Models- Actual Practices.
	.09)	Capital Structure-Leverages-Significance of Leverages-Theories of Capital Structure with special reference to Modigliani and Miller approach. Planning the Capital Structure of a Company; EBIT-EPS Analysis, Cash-flow ability to service debt, Capital Structure Ratios.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
6)	Financial Institutions :
	.01)	Raising finance-short term and long term.
	.02)	Financial Distress-Approaching BIFR, capital markets, securities markets.
	.03)	Money Market- concepts scope and organisation.
	.04)	Capital Market – Structure and role of capital market in India
	.05)	Types of financial Institutions in India.
	.06)	International financial Institutions.
	.07)	Roll of SEBI
	.08)	Monetary and Credit policy of Reserve Bank of India, NRI deposits. Financial services, Merchant Banking- Credit Rating Agencies

Back

Paper - II

Regulatory Framework, Business Systems and Human Relations

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note :	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
Organisational Behaviour
1)	Organisation :
	.01)		Concept, goals, types of goals. Displacement, succession, expansion and multiplication of goals, Types of organisations - formal and informal, Types of Structure - line, line & staff, functional and committee form of orgnisation and their limitations.
	.02)		Learning Organisation. Organisation theories - classical, neoclassical systems, chaos and modern theory.
2)	Organisational Behaviour :
	.01)		As a dynamic system; technical, social and authority system - Individual attributes affecting organisational behaviour (Ability, perception learning, attitude, personality). Status, moral and productivity, Leadership theories and styles, Team leadership, Management of conflicts, T.A.(Transactional Analysis), Life positions.
	.02)		Managerial Communication-concept and techniques, multicultural organsiation, management of change, stress management, Quality of work life, organisational effectiveness and control.
3)	Quality Assurance and certification : ISO and other agencies, Concept of TQM Quality circles.
Section – B ( Marks : 50 )
Legal Regulatory Framework
4)	Different forms of business organisations :
	.01)			Individual proprietorship, partnership, Joint-stock company, Joint sector organisation & co-operative society – their characteristics, merits and demerits.
	.02)			Business combinations.
5)	The major provisions of :
	.01)			Law of contract, Indian sale of Goods Act,
	.02)			Negotiable Instruments Act, Consumer Protection Act,
	.03)			FEMA, Patents, Shops and Establishments Act.
Section – C ( Marks : 50 )
Marketing
6)	Introduction to Marketing :
	.01)		Scope, importance, concept, Marketing mix, Market segmentation - concept and bases. Product policy - types of products, different decisions - introduction of a new product, elimination of the product from product line, product development, After sale service, Product life cycle concept.
	.02)		Pricing methods, factors affecting price of a product, channels of distribution - role, types, selection of channels of distribution. Promotions Management - means of sales promotion and advertising - Media - merits and demerits, misleading advertisements, ethics in advertising, Personal selling - salesmen - functions, remuneration, promotion and evaluation.
7)	International Marketing :
	.01)		Meaning, nature, need, environment - internal and external Foreign market, entry strategy. Product planning for foreign markets, Branding, labelling and quality issues. Pricing process, price quotations and payment terms, Trade fairs and exhibitions, Logistics decisions. Selection of foreign sales agents.
	.02)		Current export policy of India - Trends, export procedure, documents, export finance, ECGC's role, export assistance and incentives, exports foreign agreements including WTO.
Section – D ( Marks : 50 )
Human Resources Development and Industrial Relations
8)	Human Resources Development :
	.01)	Importance and characteristics, Human resources planning, its limitations, problems of HRD in India, Job description, Job specifications.
	.02)	Recruitment– Sources - Internal and external, selection process - interviews, employment test and their applications, Need of scientific selection policy, placement transfer and promotion.
	.03)	Training and Development - Types of training, limitations of tests, principles of effective training, apprenticeship as an industrial training.
	.04)	Performance appraisal – need, applications, parties involved, techniques and their limitations.
9)	Industrial Relations :
	.01)	Nature and scope, need for positive approach. Industrial relations in public enterprises, downsizing, brain drain.
	.02)	Trade Union movement in India - an overview, its problems, compulsory recognition of trade unions. Impact of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation on trade union movement.
	.03)	Prevention and settlement of industrial disputes in India, Collective bargaining, Industrial democracy, Workers' participation in management - problems and prospects. Motivation and social security measures, Govt wage policy and legislations, Human Resources Department -Role, functions and interrelationship with other departments in promotion of HRD and industrial relations.

Back

Political Science and International Relations

(Subject Code : 216)

Paper - I

Political Theory and Indian Politics

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section – A (Marks : 50)
1)	Political Science - A Discipline :
	.01)	Political Science as a discipline: Nature and Scope and its relations with other Social Sciences.
	.02)	Approaches to the study of Political Science : Historical, Normative, Empirical and Behavioral.
2)	State :
	.01)	Theories of Origin of State : Divine, Social Contract, Evolutionary.
	.02)	Theories of State : Liberal, Neo-liberal, Welfare state, Marxist.
3)	Political Concepts :
	.01)	Law, Sovereignty : Monistic and Pluralistic.
	.02)	Liberty, Equality, Justice.
	.03)	Authority, Legitimacy and Political Obligation.
Section - B (Marks : 50)
4)	Political Ideologies :
	.01)	Liberalism and Democracy.
	.02)	Marxism and Neo-Marxism.
	.03)	Fascism.
	.04)	Environmentalism.
	.05)	Feminism.
5)	Western Political Thought :
	.01)	Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli.
	.02)	Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau.
	.03)	Hegel, Marx, Lenin, Mao.
	.04)	J.S.Mill, I.Berlin, John Rawls.
6)	Indian Political Thought with special reference to Maharashtra :
	.01)	Kautilya.
	.02)	Ranade, Agarkar, Tilak, Aurobindo.
	.03)	Jyotiba Phule, Shahu Maharaj, Ambedkar.
	.04)	Gandhi, Vinoba Bhave, Nehru and A.K.Azad.
	.05)	Sawarkar, M.A.Jinnah.
Section - C (Marks : 50)
7)	Background and Structure of Indian Constitution :
	.01)	Impact of British Rule on Constitutional development in India; Constituent Assembly.
	.02)	Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy, Citizenship.
	.03)	Constitutional Provisions for the upliftment of the weaker sections of society.
	.04)	Federalism; Center - State Relations.
8)	Union Government :
	.01)	Legislature : Parliament, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, Parliamentary Committees.
	.02)	Executive : President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers.
	.03)	Judiciary : Supreme Court and Judicial Review and Activism.
	.04)	Election Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General, Planning Commission and National Human Rights Commission.
9)	State Government :
	.01)	Legislature : Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad; Legislative Committees.
	.02)	Executive : Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers.
	.03)	Judiciary : High Court and Subordinate courts.
10)	Political Parties and Pressure Groups in India :
	.01)	Political Parties : Ideologies and Programmes.
	.02)	Political Parties : National and Regional; Politics of Coalition.
	.03)	Pressure Groups and Interest Groups.
Section -D (Marks : 50)
11)	Democratic Decentralisation : (With reference to Maharashtra)
	.01)	Balwant Rai Mehta Committee and constitutional provisions.
	.02)	Local Self-Government (Rural) : Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zilla Parishad.
	.03)	Local Self-Government (Urban) : Nagar Palikas, Municipalities and Municipal Corporations, Cantonment Boards.
	.04)	Importance of 73rd and 74th Amendments in Indian Constitution; Empowerment of Women and Backward Classes.
12)	Issues in Indian Politics :
	.01)		Caste, Class, Religion, Language.
	.02)		Peasant and Dalit Movements with reference to Maharashtra.
	.03)		Regionalism, Sub-regionalism, Demand for State Autonomy; Border and river disputes with special reference to Maharashtra.
	.04)		Terrorism, Insurgency and Naxalite Movement.
13)	Politics in Maharashtra :
	.01)		Formation of Maharashtra; Politics of Development.
	.02)		Regional Imbalances and Role of Statutory Development Boards.
	.03)		Co-operative Movement : Problems and Prospects.
	.04)		Political Parties and Leadership.

Back

Paper - II

Comparative Politics and International Relations.

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written either in English or in Marathi.
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise the subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A (Marks : 50)
1)	Comparative Politics and Government :
	.01	Definition, Nature and Scope of Comparative Politics.
	.02	Approaches to the Study of Comparative Politics : Traditional, Systems, Structural-functional and World System theory approach.
2)	Political Development, Modernisation and Culture :
	.01)	Political Development and Modernisation.
	.02)	Political Socialisation.
	.03)	Political Culture and Communication.
3)	Constitutionalism and Federalism :
	.01)	Constitutionalism in USA, UK, France and Switzerland.
	.02)	Federalism in USA, UK, France and Switzerland.
	.03)	Challenges before Federalism in modern times.
4)	Comparative Government With reference to USA, UK, France and Switzerland :
	.01)	Executive – Composition, Powers and Functions.
	.02)	Legislature - Composition, Powers and Functions.
	.03)	Judiciary - Composition, Powers and Functions; Judicial Review.
Section - B (Marks : 50)
5)	International Politics :
	.01)	Meaning, Nature and Scope.
	.02)	Theories and Approaches : Idealist, Realist, Systems, Game Theory, Decision-Making approach.
6)	Key Concepts of International Politics :
	.01)	National Interest, National Security, Collective Security .
	.02)	Balance of Power, Cold War, Post-Cold war and Unipolar World.
	.03)	Crisis Management and Conflict Resolution.
	.04)	Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, International Law.
7)	Contemporary Issues in World Politics :
	.01)	Arab-Israel dispute, Oil Crisis and Gulf War.
	.02)	Disintegration of Soviet Union, Civil War in Afghanistan, Nuclear Proliferation in Asia.
	.03)	Terrorism : State Sponsored, Cross Border and International Terrorism.
	.04)	Humanitarian Interventions, Environment, Human Rights, Gender Justice, Globalisation.
8)	International and Regional Organisations :
	.01)	United Nations and its specialised agencies - ICJ, ILO, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNCHR.
	.02)	Regional Organisations : EU, APEC, ASEAN, OPEC, OAU, SAARC.
Section - C (Marks : 50)
9)	Foreign Policy of India :
	.01)	Evolution, Philosophy and Determinants of India’s Foreign Policy.
	.02)	Foreign Policy making Institutions : Legislature, Executive and Bureaucracy
	.03)	Foreign Policy making Process : Political Parties, Pressure Groups, Media and Public opinion.
10)	India and South Asia :
	.01)	Bilateral relations with Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives.
	.02)	India and SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation).
11)	India and South East Asia :
	.01)	Bilateral Relations with Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Phillipines and Indonesia.
	.02)	India and ASEAN ( Association of South East Asian Nations).

Section - D (Marks : 50)
12)	India in World Affairs :
	.01)	India’s Relations with USA and Russia.
	.02)	India’s Relations with China and Japan.
	.03)	India and Indian Ocean.
13)	India’s Nuclear Policy :
	.01)	Determinants of Nuclear Policy.
	.02)	Importance of Pokharan I and II.
	.03)	India’s stand on NPT and CTBT.
14)	India and International Organisations :
	.01)	India’s participation in the UN Activities.
	.02)	India and EU (European Union).
	.03)	India and WTO (World Trade Orgnisation).

Back

Computer Science

(Subject Code : 304)

Paper - I

Standard : Degree (B.E.)	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.
	3)	It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Mathematical Foundations :
	.01)	Mathematical Logic : Propositional logic; First Order logic.
	.02)	Set Theory and Algebra : Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial order; Lattice; Boolean algebra.
	.03)	Combinatorics : Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; Generating functions; Recurrence relations; Asymptotics.
	.04)	Graph Theory : Connectivity; Spanning trees; Cut vertices and edges; Covering; Matching; Independent sets; Colouring; Planarity, Isomorphism.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
2)	Data Structures and Algorithms :
	.01)	The notion of abstract data types,stack,queue,list,set,string,tree,binary search tree,heap, graph.
	.02)	Tree and graph traversals, connected components, spanning trees, shortest paths, hashing, sorting, searching, design techniques (greedy, dynamic, divide and conquer).
	.03)	Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, intractability.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Computer Programming :
	.01)	C programming, program control (iteration, recursion, functions); pointers, structures, arrays; scope, binding, parameter passing.
	.02)	O-O Programming concepts using C++ : a) Class, objects, Instantiation, Inheritance. b) Polymorphism, overloading and other concepts.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
4)	Formal Languages and Automata Theory :
	.01)	Regular Languages, finite automata, regular expressions, regular grammar.
	.02)	Context free languages, push down automata, context free grammars.
5)	Elementary Computer Graphics : Display systems, Input devices, 2D Geometry, Graphic operations, 3D Graphics, Graphic Standards.

Back

Paper – II

Standard : Degree (B.E.)	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type	Duration : 3 Hours

Note:	1)	Answers to this paper must be written in English only
	2)	This paper will test the candidate’s ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

Section - A ( Marks : 50 )
1)	Computer Hardware :
	.01)	Digital Logic : Logic Functions, minimization, design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits, number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).
	.02)	Computer organisation and Architecture : Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data path, hardwired and micro programmed control.
	.03)	Interfacing and Data Communication : Memory interfacing, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode), serial communication interface, cache, main and secondary storage.
	.04)	Instruction pipelining, pipeline hazards, micro controllers, embedded systems.
Section - B ( Marks : 50 )
2)	System Software :
	.01)	Compiler Design : Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation.
	.02)	Runtime environment, Linking (static and dynamic); Code generation.
	.03)	Operating Systems (in the context of Unix) : classical concepts (concurrency, synchronization, deadlock), processes, threads and interprocess communication.
	.04)	CPU scheduling, memory management, file systems, I/O systems, protection and security.
Section - C ( Marks : 50 )
3)	Software Systems :
	.01)	Information Systems and Software Engineering : information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams.
	.02)	Process specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance.
	.03)	Databases : relational model, database design, integrity constraints, normal forms.
	.04)	Query languages (SQL), file structures (sequential, indexed), b-trees, transaction and concurrency control.
Section - D ( Marks : 50 )
4)	Computer Communications :
	.01)	Data Communication : data encoding and transmission, data link control, multiplexing, packet switching, LAN architecture, LAN systems (Ethernet, token ring), Network device : switches, gateways, routers.
	.02)	Networks : ISO/OSI stack, sliding window protocols, routing protocols, TCP/UDP, application layer protocols and systems (http, smtp, dns, ftp), network security.
	.03)	Web technologies : three tier web based architecture; JSP, ASP, J2EE, NET systems; html, XML.

Back

Psychology

(Subject Code : 217)

Paper – I

Fundamentals of Psychology

Standard : Degree	Total Marks : 200
Nature of Paper : Conventional Type

4) Dairy and Food Engineering :

.01)

.02)

.01)

.02)

Optics

Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics, Statistical Physics and Atmospheric Science

(Subject Code : 304)

Paper - I